Establishment and Evaluation of Patient-Specific Virtual Ureteroscopy in Assisting Flexible Ureteroscopy for Urolithiasis

Abstract

Establishing patient-specific VU through CTU data from renal stone patients is feasible. The present VU can significantly improve novice urologists' comprehension of intrarenal anatomy and stone information before fURS procedures. Face and content validity is also proved. This novel modality may serve as an important tool for fURS surgical planning, navigation, and training.

Choledochoscopic Examination of a 3-Dimensional Printing Model Using Augmented Reality Techniques: A Preliminary Proof of Concept Study

“…Similar methods for virtual 3D image reconstruction from CT urography data have been used for the effective diagnosis of urinary stones in the lumen of the ureter and renal pelvis by virtual ureteroscopy. 19 If AR-assisted choledochoscopy and hepatectomy are conducted simultaneously, other navigational aids, such as ultrasonography and fluorescent staining, can also be used to assist in lens positioning and navigation. Future studies in the development and testing of techniques for mitigating respiratory-related effects on registration are needed to increase the accuracy of AR-assisted navigation.…”