Establishment in the United States of Anaphes flavipes,1 an Egg Parasite of the Cereal Leaf Beetle2,3

Maltby, H. L.; Stehr, Fredrick W.; Anderson, Robert C.; Moorehead, G. E.; Barton, Larry C.; Paschke, J.D.

doi:10.1093/jee/64.3.693

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) is an important gregarious egg endoparasitoid of CLB in Europe (Dysart, 1971). The species was initially released in large numbers in 1967-1968 and it was established in the spring of 1968 in Michigan and Indiana (Maltby et al, 1971). The species did not establish in Washington, Oregon, Virginia and North Carolina despite many releases (Philips et al, 2011;Roberts, 2016;Walenta & Roberts, 2012).…”

Section: 53d the Egg Parasitoid Anaphes Flavipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory and field tests of predation on the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Kheirodin

Cárcamo

2019

Biocontrol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, the cereal leaf beetle (CLB) Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an important pest of wheat, barley, and oat throughout the world, has become a serious pest of cereal crops in Western Canada. Following CLB invasion, Tetrastichus julis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), the most efficient larval parasitoid of CLB, was introduced into the Canadian Prairies. I investigated the effect of landscape complexity, ranging from high (seminatural habitats > 50%) to low (semi-natural habitats < 30%) on the abundance of CLB and its parasitism in southern Alberta. Cereal leaf beetle abundance and the parasitism rate of T. julis responded positively to the proportion of CLB major hosts (wheat and barley) in the current and previous years at various spatial scales (0.5 to 2 km). Landscape diversity was negatively associated with CLB abundance. Cereal leaf beetle parasitism increased when there was a higher proportion of canola and alfalfa in the landscape. Cereal leaf beetle parasitism also positively responded to CLB abundance in cereal fields, indicating a density-dependent response. Overall, I concluded that diversification of crops and semi-natural habitats in the surrounding landscape are an important factor to reduce CLB numbers in the Canadian Prairies.Laboratory and field predation trials revealed for the first time the contribution of various predators to CLB control. Several species of Hippodamia (Coleoptera:iii Coccinellidae), carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and nabid bugs (Hemiptera: Nabidae) were among the best predators of CLB immature stages under laboratory conditions, that also included Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Staphylinidae. I found an average 24.5% of predation on sentinel eggs in wheat fields in 24 h trials. I developed a set of species-specific primers to detect CLB DNA in the gut content of generalist predators, which confirmed that Nabis americoferus and several Hippodamia species are the most promising predators of CLB in wheat. Nabis americoferus was the most abundant predator in the Lethbridge area and had 0.35 proportion positives for CLB DNA. Altogether, the predation studies highlight the importance of predators in CLB control, which has been neglected to date but can have important roles in sustainable pest management programs for CLB in cereal crops.

show abstract

Section: 53d the Egg Parasitoid Anaphes Flavipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory and field tests of predation on the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Kheirodin

Cárcamo

2019

Biocontrol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, in agricultural areas around the world, insect pests reduce grain crop yields by 5% to 20 % every year [27]. The use of parasitic wasps for biological control has been repeatedly tested [28][29][30]. In this context, the host spectrum of A. flavipes was examined for six taxons, Crioceris duodecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758); Oulema sayi (Crotch, 1873); Lema nigrovittata (Guérin-Méneville, 1844); Lema daturaphila Kogan and Goeden, 1970 (as L. trilineata (Olivier, 1808)); Lema trilineata californica (Schaefer Krauss 1947) and Lema trivittata trivittata Say, 1824) by Maltby et al [31]; however, a current common host species, O. duftschmidi, was not included because, until 1989, it was assigned to O. melanopus [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Specificity of the Parasitic Wasp Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and a New Defence in Its Hosts (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Oulema spp.)

Samková

Hadrava

Skuhrovec

et al. 2020

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The parasitic wasp Anaphes flavipes (Förster, 1841) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) is an important egg parasitoid of cereal leaf beetles. Some species of cereal leaf beetle co-occur in the same localities, but the host specificity of the wasp to these crop pests has not yet been examined in detail. A lack of knowledge of host specificity can have a negative effect on the use of this wasps in biological control programs addressed to specific pest species or genus. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the host specificity of A. flavipes for three species of cereal leaf beetles (Oulema duftschmidi Redtenbacher, 1874, Oulema gallaeciana Heyden, 1879 and Oulema melanopus Linnaeus, 1758) in central Europe. For the first time, a new host defence against egg parasitoids occurring in O. gallaeciana from localities in the Czech Republic, a strong dark sticky layer on the egg surface, was found and described. The host specificity of A. flavipes was studied in the locality with the presence of this defence on O. gallaeciana eggs (the dark sticky layer) (Czech Republic) and in a control locality (Germany), where no such host defence was observed. Contrary to the idea that a host defence mechanism can change the host specificity of parasitoids, the wasps from these two localities did not display any differences in that. Respectively, even though it has been observed that eggs with sticky dark layer can prevent parasitization, the overall rate of parasitization of the three species of cereal beetles has not been affected. However, in our view, new host defence can influence the effects of biological control, as eggs of all Oulema spp. in the locality are protected against parasitization from the wasps stuck on the sticky layer of the host eggs of O. gallaeciana.

show abstract

“…Considerable success in biological control has been achieved with parasites of the cereal leaf beetle (CLB), of which four or five imported from Europe have been established (54). An integrated control system for managing the CLB, including manipulations of their parasites, has been developed (55)(56)(57). It is based on planting tolerant varieties of oats or wheat, encouraging native natural enemies, such as the spotted ladybird beetle, Coleomegilla maculata, establishing the introduced eulophid parasite Tetrastichus julus, and the mymarid, Anaphes flavipes, treating cereal seeds with propoxur or carbofuran at planting to control the adult beetles so as not to affect the parasites which emerge later, and lastly, if populations of the pest exceed an economic threshold, spraying with carbaryl or malathion.…”

Section: Cerealsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated pest management in the U.S.: progress and promise.

Huffaker¹,

Croft²

1976

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the U.S., where heavy use of insecticides has been commonplace for years, the development of proper integrated insect pest control cannot get underway unless there is a changed use pattern for such chemicals. A changed use pattern, however, cannot be accomplished without much study to establish the requirements for integrated control for each major crop situation. In this paper recent developments in a number of crop areas in the U.S. in which the necessary study has been begun are reviewed. Important phases in the development of integrated control programs include: the single tactics phase, the multitactic phase, phase, the biological monitoring phase, the modeling phase, the management and optimization phase, and the implementation phase. Several crops are discussed in relation to how far along we are in the development of practical programs of insect pest control. These are cotton, apples, alfalfa, soybeans, citrus, corn, cereal grains, tobacco and pine forests. Several of these programs have already made substantial headway, e.g., those for cotton, alfalfa, apples, tobacco, and soybeans, although the accomplishments have not been even or parellel with respect to the phases of development where progress has been good. The review of developments in these crops suggests that programs of control for individual crops and perhaps for complexes of associated crops will be developed according to specific needs of the crop, the geographic area and the pests, the technologies available and the socioeconomic and political factors of relevance. The tendency will be toward greater use of science in pest control decision-making, with extensive use of biological monitoring to establish realistic levels of threatened damage to the crop, and greater concern given to possible profit reductions and environmental disturbances of applying an insecticide, as well as the possible gain from doing so.

show abstract

Establishment in the United States of Anaphes flavipes,1 an Egg Parasite of the Cereal Leaf Beetle2,3

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Laboratory and field tests of predation on the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Laboratory and field tests of predation on the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Host Specificity of the Parasitic Wasp Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and a New Defence in Its Hosts (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Oulema spp.)

Integrated pest management in the U.S.: progress and promise.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About