Establishment of a comprehensive drug overdose fatality surveillance system in Kentucky to inform drug overdose prevention policies, interventions and best practices

Hargrove, Sarah; Bunn, Terry L.; Slavova, Svetla; Quesinberry, Dana; Corey, Tracey S.; Ralston, William; Singleton, Michael; Ingram, Van

doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042308

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition, up to one quarter of death certificates with drug overdose listed as the cause of death do not include the specific drugs implicated (M Warner, Paulozzi, Nolte, Davis, & LS, 2013). In response to these limitations, epidemiologists and researchers have proposed more comprehensive overdose surveillance efforts relying on multiple data sources including cause of death registries, toxicology reports, autopsies, medical examiner reports, and prescription drug monitoring systems (Cone, et al, 2003; Hargrove, et al, 2017; Hirsch, Proescholdbell, Bronson, & Dasgupta, 2014; Landen, et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using medical examiner case narratives to improve opioid overdose surveillance

Hurstak

Rowe

Turner

et al. 2018

International Journal of Drug Policy

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Using additional sources of information to classify opioid overdose cases resulted in a modest increase in the count of heroin overdose deaths but identified a substantial number of non-heroin injection-related opioid analgesic deaths. Including the route of administration in the characterization of opioid overdose deaths can identify meaningful subgroups of opioid users to enhance surveillance efforts and inform targeted public health programming including overdose prevention programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using medical examiner case narratives to improve opioid overdose surveillance

Hurstak

Rowe

Turner

et al. 2018

International Journal of Drug Policy

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“…However, individual US states have recently tightened local pharmacovigilance policies to mitigate nonprescribed use, including scheduling gabapentin at the state level or requiring mandatory reporting to prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMP). Furthermore, some organizations or local jurisdictions have added gabapentinoids to standard urine drug screens or toxicology reports, which have been shown to increase identification of gabapentinoid misuse 87,88 …”

Section: Gabapentinoid Regulation and Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Gabapentinoid Pharmacology in the Context of Emerging Misuse Liability

Evoy

Peckham

Covvey

et al. 2021

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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This article will review the epidemiology and pharmacology of gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) relevant to their emerging misuse potential and provide guidance for clinical and regulatory management. Gabapentinoids are γ‐aminobutyric acid analogues that produce their therapeutic effects by inhibiting voltage‐gated calcium channels and decreasing neurotransmitter release. Recently gabapentinoid prescribing and use have increased tremendously. Although traditionally thought to possess a favorable safety profile, gabapentinoid misuse has also risen significantly. Gabapentinoid misuse generally occurs in combination with other substances, most notably opioids, and may be for purposes of eliciting euphoric effects, enhancing the effects of other substances, or self‐treating conditions such as withdrawal, pain, anxiety, or insomnia. Given its faster onset, increased bioavailability and potency, and nonsaturable absorption, pregabalin's pharmacokinetics theoretically enhance its misuse liability versus gabapentin. However, gabapentin can produce similar euphoric effects, and epidemiologic studies have identified higher rates of gabapentin misuse in the United States, likely because of greater availability and less regulated prescribing. Although adverse events of gabapentinoid‐only ingestion are relatively benign, a growing body of evidence indicates that gabapentinoids significantly increase opioid‐related morbidity and mortality when used concomitantly. In addition, significant withdrawal effects may occur on abrupt discontinuation. As a result of these trends, several US states have begun to further regulate gabapentinoid prescribing, reclassifying it as a controlled substance or mandating reporting to local prescription drug‐monitoring programs. Although increased regulation of gabapentin prescribing may be warranted, harm reduction efforts and increased patient and provider education are necessary to mitigate this concerning gabapentinoid misuse trend.

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“…Besides, on average, $925 is spent on each poisoning case [9]. The most prevalent route of intentional poisoning is consuming high doses of drugs [10,11]. The most common cause of unintentional poisoning is pesticides, exposure to household and occupational chemicals, and environmental pollution [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Features and Processes of Poisoning Registries: A Scoping Review

Sabahi

Asadi

Shadnia

et al. 2021

IJMTFM

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Background: Poisoning is a common condition worldwide that requires precise evaluation of the quality and rapid management. Registry plays an essential role in the management of toxins. This study aimed to examine the features and processes of poisoning registries. Methods: This review study was conducted in 2020. Several searches were conducted in the following scientific databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science using a combination of keywords, such as “data management, registry, poison, and toxic”. The review of titles, abstracts, and full-text of the selected articles was independently performed by two researchers. Besides, the obtained data were analyzed based on the research objectives by the content analysis method. Results: Some critical features of registries were considered the confidentiality of patients’ information, i.e., equipped with various technologies, such as Geographical Information System (GIS), warning systems, searches, and text retrieval tools. The most common sources of case findings were self-reported contacts by individuals and healthcare professionals to poison control centers. Moreover, the main tool for data collection was electronic forms. The major indices of data quality were the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of the data. Phone calls were usually made at follow-ups. Conclusion: The registry’s features and processes are an essential and fundamental step to achieve the registry goals, as well as designing and developing these systems. It is recommended that the registries be equipped with various technologies to better manage the exposure cases. It is recommended to use educational, incentive, competitive, participatory, and motivational mechanisms among all organizations and individuals involved in poisoning registry programs.

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Establishment of a comprehensive drug overdose fatality surveillance system in Kentucky to inform drug overdose prevention policies, interventions and best practices

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Using medical examiner case narratives to improve opioid overdose surveillance

Using medical examiner case narratives to improve opioid overdose surveillance

Gabapentinoid Pharmacology in the Context of Emerging Misuse Liability

The Features and Processes of Poisoning Registries: A Scoping Review

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