Establishment of an efficient callus induction method from leaf and stem in kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) and citron (Citrus medica L.)

Abstract

Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) is a highly adaptable variety among citrus cultivars in the climate of the region of Panjab, Pakistan and citron (Citrus medica L.) was the first of the citrus fruits known to become visible in the Mediterranean Basin. In Sylhet region of Bangladesh, it is commonly known as Zara lemon. The establishment of in vitro technique for seed germination and callus induction has been done for kinnow and citron in this experiment. In case of seed germination, ½ MS media supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5 mg/L)+ 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (2.0 mg/L)+KIN (1.0 mg/L) shows best seed germination response (90%) for kinnow and BAP (1.0 mg/L)+NAA (0.5 mg/L) shows best (92%) for citron. For callus induction, 5 weeks old plantlets were used as a source of leaf and stem explants for both. For callus induction from leaf and stem of kinnow mandarin, 2,4-D (1.0 mg/L) shows best result (90%) for leaf while 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (1.0 mg/L)+BAP (0.5 mg/L)+NAA (0.25 mg/L) shows best callus response (95%) for stem explants. In case of citron, 2,4-D (1.0 mg/L) shows best callus response (80%) for both leaf and stem explants.

Effect of different growth regulators on in vitro regeneration of cotyledon explants of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) via callus induction

“…1A) that MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (3.0 mg/l) recorded maximum culture establishment (97.79%) and was significantly higher as compared to all other treatments whereas, minimum culture establishment of (1.44%) was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2.0 mg/l) in combination with BAP (0.25 mg/l) and NAA (1.0 mg/l). The results obtained are in line with the results of Mohammed et al (2015) [14] wherein, maximum culture establishment had been reported from leaf and stem segments of Citrus reticulata on MS medium incorporated with 2,4 D (1.0 mg/l) either alone or in combination with NAA (0.25 mg/l). Savita et al (2011b) [25] found greenish healthy callus from cotyledon explants of rough lemon on MS medium containing 2,4 D (2.0 mg/l).…”

“…Kagzi lime and Citrus sinensis cv. Musambi; Ali and Mirza (2006) [1] in rough lemon; Mohammed et al (2015) [14] in Citrus reticulata and Kaur (2018) [9] in rough lemon. Kaur (2018) [9] reported efficient protocol for in vitro embryogenic callus induction of rough lemon with 2, 4-D (1.0 mg/litre) in combination with BAP (1.0 mg/litre) produced early and highest percentage of callus with formation of somatic embryos.…”