Establishment of <i>in vitro</i> soybean aphids, <i>Aphis glycines</i> (Hemiptera: Aphididae): a tool to facilitate studies of aphid symbionts, plant–insect interactions and insecticide efficacy

Gunadi, Andika; Bansal, Raman; Finer, John J.; Michel, Andy

doi:10.1002/ps.4448

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…3 ; Supplementary Table S8 ), although this genus has been rarely reported to inhabit the seed endosphere ( Majumdar et al 2021 ). Considering that aphids are an emerging soybean pest that host Buchnera as an obligate intracellular symbiont ( Douglas 1998 ; Gunadi et al 2017 ; Hill et al 2010 ), its substantial presence as a seed endophyte argues for insectmediated vertical transmission through the phloem sap in cultivars produced under conventional and organic farming practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Imbibition and Metabolism Contribute Differentially to Initial Assembly of the Soybean Holobiont

Gerna,

Clara,

Antonielli

et al. 2024

Phytobiomes Journal

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Seed germination critically determines successful plant establishment and agricultural productivity. In the plant holobiont's life cycle, seeds are hubs for microbial communities’ assembly, but what exactly shapes the holobiont during germination remains unknown. Here, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing characterized the bacterial communities in embryonic compartments (cotyledons and axes) and on seed coats pre and post germination of four soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars, in presence or absence of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), which prevented germination and associated metabolism of imbibed seeds. Embryonic compartments were metabolically profiled during germination to design minimal media mimicking the seed endosphere for bacterial growth assays. The distinction between embryonic and seed coat bacterial microbiomes of dry seed weakened during germination, resulting in the plumule, radicle, cotyledon, and seed coat all hosting the same most abundant and structurally influential genera in germinated seeds of every cultivar. Treatment with ABA prevented the increase of bacterial microbiomes' richness, but not taxonomic homogenization across seed compartments. Growth assays on minimal media containing the most abundant metabolites that accumulated in germinated seeds revealed that seed reserve mobilization promoted enrichment of copiotrophic bacteria. Our data show that seed imbibition enabled distribution of seed coat-derived epiphytes into embryos irrespective of germination, while germinative metabolism promoted proliferation of copiotrophic taxa, which predominated in germinated seeds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Imbibition and Metabolism Contribute Differentially to Initial Assembly of the Soybean Holobiont

Gerna,

Clara,

Antonielli

et al. 2024

Phytobiomes Journal

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“…This was in part due to the selection of a method that did not rely on media with sucrose to maintain the roots, since the cotyledon was kept attached to the root system. However, the recent development of “in vitro aphids”, aphids reared in sterile conditions and free of contaminating microorganisms [ 44 ], opens the possibility of using media with sugar or other additions if researchers deem it necessary for their experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a hairy roots system to study soybean-soybean aphid interactions

et al. 2017

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The soybean aphid (Aphis glycines) is one of the main insect pests of soybean (Glycine max) worldwide. Genomics approaches have provided important data on transcriptome changes, both in the insect and in the plant, in response to the plant-aphid interaction. However, the difficulties to transform soybean and to rear soybean aphid on artificial media have hindered our ability to systematically test the function of genes identified by those analyses as mediators of plant resistance to the insect. An efficient approach to produce transgenic soybean material is the production of transformed hairy roots using Agrobacterium rhizogenes; however, soybean aphids colonize leaves or stems and thus this approach has not been utilized. Here, we developed a hairy root system that allowed effective aphid feeding. We show that this system supports aphid performance similar to that observed in leaves. The use of hairy roots to study plant resistance is validated by experiments showing that roots generated from cotyledons of resistant lines carrying the Rag1 or Rag2 resistance genes are also resistant to aphid feeding, while related susceptible lines are not. Our results demonstrate that hairy roots are a good system to study soybean aphid-soybean interactions, providing a quick and effective method that could be used for functional analysis of the resistance response to this insect.

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“…A. glycines has spread to 21 U.S. states and three Canadian Provinces since its occurrence in North America in 2000, 5,6 which seriously threatens the yield and quality of soybeans in a number of main production areas for this crop worldwide. A. glycines feeds on plant sap by way of specialized piercing‐sucking mouthparts, 7 which not only hinders photosynthesis in soybeans, 8 but also transmits various plant viruses 9–11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 A. glycines has spread to 21 U.S. states and three Canadian Provinces since its occurrence in North America in 2000, 5,6 which seriously threatens the yield and quality of soybeans in a number of main production areas for this crop worldwide. A. glycines feeds on plant sap by way of specialized piercing-sucking mouthparts, 7 which not only hinders photosynthesis in soybeans, 8 but also transmits various plant viruses. [9][10][11] Integrated pest management (IPM) aims to protect productivity while preventing economic damage from pests by coordinating multiple suppression strategies, such as biological, chemical, and cultural control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the cost–benefit probability of management based on early‐stage and late‐stage economic thresholds with that of seed treatment of Aphis glycines

Tong-hua

Xing³

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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Background The current integrated pest management (IPM) curative strategy for soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), relies on responsive spraying foliar insecticides during the R1–R5 soybean stage when aphid abundance reaches the economic threshold (ET) of 250 aphids plant−1 (traditional IPM). By analyzing the relationship between aphid abundance and yield loss before the R1 stage, we developed an early‐stage ET. We propose to spray foliar insecticides on plants colonized with aphids using the early‐stage ET as a trigger (improved IPM), together with seed treatment to manage A. glycines and delay them exceeding the ET of 250 aphids plant−1 in the late stage for whole‐field spraying (traditional IPM). Finally, we compared the cost–benefit probabilities of the three management approaches. Results The early‐stage ET over all potential yields, market prices, and control costs was 64 aphids plant−1, providing growers 7 days of preparation time to spray foliar insecticides before the economic injury level of 187 aphids plant−1 was reached. Improved IPM achieved the highest cost–benefit probabilities followed by traditional IPM, and the seed treatment achieved the lowest. However, in fields where the pressure from white grubs was high, the probability of achieving a positive net return with seed treatment was higher than that in other locations. Conclusion Improved IPM based on early‐stage ET of 64 aphids plant−1 was the most cost‐effective of all the three approaches. Neonicotinoid seed treatment can be applied as an insurance strategy to supplement A. glycines IPM in Liaoning, China. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Establishment of in vitro soybean aphids, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae): a tool to facilitate studies of aphid symbionts, plant–insect interactions and insecticide efficacy

Abstract: The in vitro aphid system is a novel and highly useful tool to understand insecticidal efficacy and expand our knowledge of tritrophic interactions among plants, insects and symbionts. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Seed Imbibition and Metabolism Contribute Differentially to Initial Assembly of the Soybean Holobiont

Seed Imbibition and Metabolism Contribute Differentially to Initial Assembly of the Soybean Holobiont

Validation of a hairy roots system to study soybean-soybean aphid interactions

Comparing the cost–benefit probability of management based on early‐stage and late‐stage economic thresholds with that of seed treatment of Aphis glycines

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