Establishment of<i>stylosanthes guyanensis</i>in marandellas sandveld

Clatworthy, J.N.; Thomas, Patrick

doi:10.1080/00725560.1972.9648671

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(2006). Work by Clatworthy and Thomas (1972) highlighted the importance of disturbing the soil to set back grass growth and competition during pasture establishment.…”

Section: Species Germination and Establishment Ofindifallowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination, field establishment patterns and nitrogen fixation of indigenous legumes on nutrient-depleted soils

et al. 2009

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Integrating Nz-fixing indigenous legumes in smallholder farming systems has potential to alleviate some of the major soil fertility constraints associated with lack of nitrogen (N) inputs in many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. Studies were conducted under low (450-650 mm yr'") and high (>800 mm yr') rainfall areas in Zimbabwe to investigate the establishment and nitrogen fixation patterns of fifteen indigenous legume species. The legume seeds were broadcast in mixtures at 120 seeds m-2 species"! during 2004/05 and 2005/06 rainfall seasons. Eriosema ellipticum, Crotalaria ochroleuca and C. pallida had emergence rates above 15% compared with <10% for Tephrosia radicans and Indigofera astragalina. Seed hardness accounted for >50% germination failure, while low viability explained 10-30%. Crotalaria ochroleuca and C. pallida attained a maximum biomass of 5-9 t ha-1 (dry weight) over six months, while species that reached peak biomass over three months (e.g. C. cylindrostachys and C. glauca) gave lowest yields of -0.5 t ha-1 • Biennials, Neonotonia wightii, E. ellipticum and Tephrosia radicans, exhibited slow growth rates and only attained their maximum biomass of -2 t ha ' in the second season. The legumes derived 60-99% of their N from the atmosphere, fixing 5-120 kg N ha' under low rainfall and 78-267 kg N ha-l under high rainfall. These findings suggest that the legumes could contribute in restoring productivity of soils continuously cultivated with little or no nutrient inputs in most of Zimbabwe and similar agro-ecologies in SubSaharanAfrica.

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“…(2006). Work by Clatworthy and Thomas (1972) highlighted the importance of disturbing the soil to set back grass growth and competition during pasture establishment.…”

Section: Species Germination and Establishment Ofindifallowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination, field establishment patterns and nitrogen fixation of indigenous legumes on nutrient-depleted soils

et al. 2009

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“…The need for some soil disturbance was previously shown by Lowe & Tothill (1974) who disc-harrowed after burning, as did Clatworthy & Thomas (1972) who also obtained yields of stylo in proportion to the degree of soil preparation. Similarly in Experiment 1 yields were in proportion to the degree of disc-harrow penetration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Some factors affecting the field establishment of sub‐tropical pasture legumes in Rhodesia.

Grant¹

1976

Proceedings of the Annual Congresses of the Grassland Society o

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The establishment of Stylosanthes guyanensis cv. Oxley (fine-stem stylo) into reverted sandveld grassland and of Oxley stylo, Macroptilium atropurpureum cv. Siratro, Desmodium intortum, and D. uncinatum cv. Silverleaf in arable land, was studied in a series of field trials at Marandellas, Rhodesia.More efficient establishment was achieved when the seed was drilled at a depth of 1 cm rather than broadcast on the soil surface. Burning immediately before discing, thorough discing, and rolling before and after drilling also improved the establishment of stylo in grassland. Heavy grazing during the winter following establishment, did not reduce the survival of stylo plants.On arable land soil sterilization with methyl bromide increased emergence and winter survival of seedlings. Mulching, too, improved establishment. A range of pasture legumes was established satisfactorily under a maize crop. Where weeds were effectively controlled, seeding immediately after maize sowing was most efficient, but otherwise it appeared desirable to eliminate the early flush of weeds and to undersow the legumes about six weeks after the maize was sown. UITTREKSELDie vestiging van Stylosanthes guyanensis cv. Oxley (fine-stem stylo) in teruggekeerde sandveld grasveld en van Oxley stylo Macroptilium atropurpureum cv. Siratro, Desmodium intortum, en D. uncinatum cv. Silverleaf in bewerkbare land, is in 'n reeks veldproewe te Marandellas, Rhodesië bestudeer. Meer effektiewe vestiging is verkry deur saad op 'n diepte van 1 cm onder die grond te plaas as met breedwerpige saaïng op die grond oppervlakte. Die vestiging van stylo in grasveld is ook verbeter deur te brand voor geploeg word, 'n deeglike ploeg met skottelploeg, en deur te rol voor en.na planting. Swaar beweiding gedurende die winter wat op vestiging volg, het nie die oorlewing van stylo plante verlaag nie. Op bewerkbare lande het grond sterilisasie met metiel-bromide 'n verhoogde ontkieming en winter oorlewing van saailinge tot gevolg gehad. Die gebruik van 'n deklaag het ook vestiging verbeter, 'n Reeks weldings peulgewasse is tot 'n bevredigende mate saam met mielies gevestig. Waar onkruid effektief beheer is was die mees doeltreffende metode saaiïng onmiddelik na die mielies gesaai is. Andersinds was dit wenslik om die vroeë onkruide uit te skakel en om dan die peulgewasse te saai ongeveer ses weke nadat die mielies gesaai is.

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“…intermedia (Oxley ine-stem stylo) and Trifolium semipilosum (Kenya white clover) [5]. Stylosanthes guianensis was found to establish and persist under adverse conditions [6]. It persisted under heavy grazing and increased its density through the establishment from shed seed [7].…”

Section: Reinforcing Natural Grassland With Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the legumes to successfully establish, it is necessary to disturb the soil surface and to set back grass growth [6]. This can be done by burning-of of top hamper followed by disking the strips where the legumes are to be sown to improve emergence.…”

Section: Reinforcing Natural Grassland With Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Insight into Current and Future Production of Forage Crops in Zimbabwe

Sebata¹

2018

New Perspectives in Forage Crops

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In Zimbabwe, most livestock are reared by smallholder farmers who live in marginal areas with low rainfall and hence poor forage production. As a consequence, livestock productivity is low and intermitent droughts result in animal mortalities. Forage crops have been widely promoted to provide feed resources to livestock, particularly during the dry season and in years of low precipitation. However, production of forage crops among the smallholder farmers remains low, especially in areas that receive low rainfall (<600 mm per annum). This chapter reviewed work on the production and promotion of forage crops in Zimbabwe in the past 50 years. The production and adaptation of diferent forage crops viz. improved grasses, herbaceous, and tree legumes to low and high (>800 mm per annum) rainfall areas is highlighted. Planting of improved grasses and herbaceous legumes in fallows and tree legumes as hedges and on contours hold the best promise in terms of improving the availability of forage crops for livestock feeding. Shortage of moisture remains the greatest constraint to increasing the area planted to forage crops. Therefore, the development of irrigation facilities needs to be encouraged to allow for the growing of forage crops.

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Establishment ofstylosanthes guyanensisin marandellas sandveld

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Germination, field establishment patterns and nitrogen fixation of indigenous legumes on nutrient-depleted soils

Germination, field establishment patterns and nitrogen fixation of indigenous legumes on nutrient-depleted soils

Some factors affecting the field establishment of sub‐tropical pasture legumes in Rhodesia.

An Insight into Current and Future Production of Forage Crops in Zimbabwe

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