Establishment of Mouse Model for Salmonella Infection and Trial of Immunomodulating Therapy using Hochu-ekki-to.

Shimizu, Shōji; Furuno, Hitoshi; Horiguchi, Akiko; Wang, Xiuxia; Ogata, Yuko; Uechi, Yoko; Kitada, Yoshihiko; Li, Nong; Matsui, Kenichiro; Matsui, Yumiko; Komatsu, Yasuhiro; Yamaguchi, Nobuo

doi:10.3937/kampomed.48.369

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The mechanisms of the potent inhibitory effect of this formulation on tumour growth are mainly explained by its enhancement of natural killer cell activity 59 and by the restoration of the anti-tumour T-cell response. 60,61 On the other hand, Hochuekkito improved the acquired immunodeficiency induced by mitomycin C in mice 62 and reduced the occurrence of infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 63 Candida albicans, 64 Salmonella enteritidis , 65 herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) 66 and influenza virus 67 in mice. From these reports Hochuekkito seems to be useful for the reinforcement of physical strength after disease or surgery.…”

Section: Hochuekkitomentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Bupleurum Root-Containing Kampo Medicines in Clinical Use

et al. 2006

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Kampo (Japanese traditional herbal) medicines have been produced by combining multiple crude drugs, almost all of plant origin but with some of animal or mineral origin, and contain a great many substances. Their effect is a combination of the various interactions of the constituent substances, whether they are enhancing, synergistic or suppressive. Kampo medicine has an overall effect that is different from the combined effects of individual crude drugs, and several side effects such as anorexia, slight fever and nausea have been reported in the treatment of certain disorders and disease states with Kampo medicines. Among 210 medical formulations used in Japan, some relevant information on the clinical uses, pharmacology and toxicology of six manufactured Kampo medical formulations, Shosaikoto, Daisaikoto, Saikokeishito, Hochuekkito, Saibokuto and Saireito, containing Bupleurum root are reviewed. Studies of some potential interactions between Kampo medicine and western drugs are also considered.

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Section: Hochuekkitomentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Bupleurum Root-Containing Kampo Medicines in Clinical Use

et al. 2006

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“…Recently, several kinds of these herbal medicines have been used clinically for various diseases in Japan. Numerous reports have been described on the biological actions of kampo herbal medicines on immune responses in bacterial [1] and viral infections [2], but few reports in parasitic infections. Juzen-taiho-to (TJ-48) has been reported to have immuno-potentiating activity [3] and to enhance phagocytosis [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of a kampo medicine, Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41) on lethal malarial infection with Plasmodium chabaudi AS in A/J mice

et al. 2007

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Effects of Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41) on the course of lethal rodent malarial infection with Plasmodium chabaudi AS were examined in male A/J mice. We examined the mortality, parasitemia and serum cytokines such as IL-12, IFN-c and IL-4 in the infected and TJ-41-treated/infected mice. There was a significant difference in mortality between infected and treated/infected mice. A high mortality was observed in male mice after infection with P. chabaudi AS. In mice treated with TJ-41, control of the primary infection was achieved,and significantly lower mortality was observed. All surviving males in the treated/ infected group showed somewhat smaller peak parasitemias than those in infected controls. Mice in the infected and treated/infected groups displayed significantly elevated serum IL-12 levels on day 4 of infection when compared with the levels from the uninfected animals. Mice in the infected and treated/infected groups displayed significantly elevated serum IFN-c levels when compared with the levels from the uninfected animals. Furthermore, a significantly higher IFN-c level was seen in the treated/infected group than that in the infected group on day 4 of infection. The present results suggest that an early production of IFNc in the TJ-41-treated/infected mice is associated with a decrease of parasitemia, being responsible for the survival of mice.

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“…HET has an effect on innate immunity as shown by increases in NK activity and cytokines. In infection models of bacterial [23,26–30] and viral infection [31–36], HET also increased cytokines. The effects on various cytokines are recognized for the whole body, notably the lung and alveoli (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In animal models of immune deficiency by age [20], steroids [21], cyclophosphamide [22], mitomycin C [23], and restraint stress [24,25], HET improved reduced immune function by both innate and acquired immunity. Related to these immuno‐stimulatory effects, HET exhibited a preventive effect from infection by Salmonella enteritidis [26], Listeria monocytogenes [27,28], Helicobacter pylori [29], methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) [30], influenza virus [31–35], cytomegalovirus [36], and Plasmodium chabaudi [37]. HET also exhibited a protective effect on cancer caused by inoculation of cancer cells [38,39] or carcinogenic substances [40–42].…”

Section: Pharmacological Studies On Hetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic pharmacological mechanisms and clinical evidence of the efficacy of hochuekkito against infectious diseases and its potential for use against COVID‐19

Takayama

Kikuchi

Makino

et al. 2020

Traditional & Kampo Medicine

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Background Hochuekkito extract (HET) has multiple effects through the digestive and immune systems, including for acute viral infection and chronic inflammation. We review basic pharmacological and clinical researches of HET and discuss the effects of HET against the pandemic COVID‐19. Methods We reviewed pharmacological studies from 1996 to 30 April 2020 that used experimental animals orally treated with HET and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2000 to 30 April 2020. Results Altogether, 64 pharmacological studies reported immuno‐stimulatory effects against infection and cancer, immuno‐modulative effects against allergy and some inflammatory diseases, and ameliorating effects against exhaustion and frailty. Nine RCTs showed improvement of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease on chest X‐ray; improved systemic inflammation, nutrition, and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a decrease in the number getting common cold and exacerbations; reduction of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor and the serum cortisol concentration of postoperative patients; a reduction of the incidence of inflammatory complications and C‐reactive protein elevation after cerebrovascular disease; a reduction of the volume of steroid and tacrolimus during the treatment of atopic dermatitis; a healing effect for intractable chronic wounds; improvement of the physical status of elderly weak patients; and improvement of the fatigue level of cancer patients. Conclusion CODIV‐19 is characterized by high risk for the aged and people with other disease complications, cytokine hyperactivity in the severe stage, and sequelae in the recovery stage. Considering the immune‐stimulative/modulative effects of HET on inflammatory conditions and against exhaustion and frailty, it may be useful for prevention, treatment, and recovery from COVID‐19.

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Establishment of Mouse Model for Salmonella Infection and Trial of Immunomodulating Therapy using Hochu-ekki-to.

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Bupleurum Root-Containing Kampo Medicines in Clinical Use

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Bupleurum Root-Containing Kampo Medicines in Clinical Use

Protective effects of a kampo medicine, Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41) on lethal malarial infection with Plasmodium chabaudi AS in A/J mice

Basic pharmacological mechanisms and clinical evidence of the efficacy of hochuekkito against infectious diseases and its potential for use against COVID‐19

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