Establishment of Stem Cell-like Cells of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby from Explants Containing Cambial Meristems

Abstract

The in vitro cultures of plant stem cells and stem cell-like cells can be established from tissues containing meristematic cells. Chemical compounds—as well as their production potential—is among the emerging topics of plant biotechnology. We induced the callus cell biomass growth and characterized the parameters indicating the presence of stem cells or stem cell-like cells. Four types of explants (stem, petiole, leaf, root) from Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby and various combinations of auxins and cytokinins were tested for initiation of callus, growth of sub-cultivated callus biomass, and establishment of stem cells or stem cell-like cells. Induction of callus and its growth parameters were significantly affected both by the explant type and the combination of used plant growth hormones and regulators. The responsibility for callus initiation and growth was the highest in stem-derived explants containing cambial meristematic cells. Growth parameters of callus biomass and specific characteristics of vacuoles confirmed the presence of stem cells or stem cell-like cells in sub-cultivated callus cell biomass. Establishment of in vitro stem cell or stem cell-like cell cultures in S. hermaphrodita can lead to the development of various applications of in vitro cultivation systems as well as alternative applications of this crop.

Omics analyses of Rehmannia glutinosa dedifferentiated and cambial meristematic cells reveal mechanisms of catalpol and indole alkaloid biosynthesis

“…It is possible to morphologically distinguish CMCs and DDCs. Our findings regarding the morphological differences are consistent with earlier reports, indicating that CMCs contained smaller multiple vacuoles, which is a characteristic feature of CMCs, in contrast to DDCs, which typically have one large vacuole [ 15 , 18 , 19 ]. Additionally, CMCs were observed either as individual cells or clusters with a relatively smaller number of cells (Fig.…”