Establishment of the necessary material and technical base lays the groundwork for the use of innovation in the grain industry

Abstract

Here we show for the first time that, solution of pressing problems and further sustainable development of the grain economy is only possible with the necessary material and technical base, allowing the use of modern systems in the agro-industrial complex. The article considers the problems of deficiency of basic plant nutrient elements. On the basis of statistical data, descriptive analysis of the wheat production dynamics has been carried out, state of mineral fertilizers usage in the country is shown. The comparison of mineral fertilizers use in agriculture in Kazakhstan and other countries in the world has been made, from which it is determined that the domestic system of mineral fertilizers application ranks the last positions in the world and lags far behind the foreign countries. The statistical data demonstrate the low wheat yielding ability index, which is directly related to soil depletion. The statistical data coming from official sources and conducted field studies constitute the evidence basis. Purpose – to analyze the current state of mineral fertilizer use in Kazakhstan, justify the need for compulsory fertilizer dressing on all crop lands, elaborate recommendations for solving the existing problems. Methods – general scientific: 1) when analyzing statistical data, the expert evaluation method was used; 2) demonstration plots have been digitized, agrochemical soil analysis has been conducted, optimum rates of phosphorus and nitrogen content have been determined, wheat plantings in plots with different phosphorus and nitrogen content have been performed. Outcomes – problem of soil depletion has been represented, effect of different mineral fertilizers doses on the productivity of wheat has been established. Conclusion – implementation of precision agriculture technology systems is required, thereby the state needs to: 1) introduce a country-wide requirement for compulsory annual submission of agrochemical maps by agricultural producers, for the purpose of croplands status monitoring; 2) construction of new agrochemical laboratories and mineral fertilizer production facilities; 3) initiate the process for relevant personnel training.