Establishment of Ultrasonic Measurement Method for Stone Cultural Heritage Considering Water Content and Anisotropy

Abstract

This study was focused on measurement methods for stone cultural heritages by analyzing Ultrasonic (P-wave) velocity variations according to the water content and anisotropy of rocks. As a result of analyzing of rock properties, the water content and saturation degree were rapidly changed at the beginning of drying and then showed exponential curve which their rates of change gradually decreased. However, P-wave velocity and its rate of change maintained constant values after natural drying of 10 hours. Therefore, the ultrasonic measurement for stone cultural heritages should be performed after natural drying of 10 hours considering the weather and moisture conditions. In addition, the highest values of anisotropy coefficient exhibited in granite and limestone, and indirect method was insensitive to anisotropy compared to direct method. However, all rocks remained anisotropy by indirect method. Accordingly, ultrasonic measurement considering various directions is required. The research results will contribute to customized non-destructive testing and precise diagnosis for lithological characteristics of stone cultural heritage.

Research on pH and strain information of sandstone oxalic acid corrosion process based on fiber Bragg grating

“…Due to the precious and irreproducible nature of cultural relics, the detection of cultural relics at the same time can not cause damage to cultural relics. In recent years for the detection of stone cultural relics information technology means gradually increased, of which spectral analysis is the application of more stone cultural relics detection means [3], in addition to other detection techniques including LiDAR [4], infrared thermography [5], optical coherence tomography [6], ultrasonic testing [7] and so on are also applied to murals, stone carvings and other cultural relics of the non-invasive Detection [8], the detection of stone cultural relics is more and more comprehensive, but these technologies often require a larger volume of equipment support, and from time to time there will be easy to damage the cultural relics or measurement accuracy is insufficient, or can only be analyzed on the state of the cultural relics at a certain moment and can not do continuous long-term detection [9], and fiber-optic sensing technology can be very good to make up for this gap. Fiber optic sensors use optical signals for detection, and have the advantages of small geometric size, high sensitivity, fast response speed, and can be distributed measurement [10], is a very practical value of a new type of detection device, in the field of cultural relics detection has a very high potential for application [11].…”

Ultrasonic Properties of a Stone Architectural Heritage and Weathering Evaluations Based on Provenance Site

“…However, ultrasonic measurements are influenced by various factors such as the petrological characteristics and shape of the stone heritage, the external environment, the measurement conditions, and the level of experience of the user. Thus, researchers have attempted to improve the reliability of these measurements by conducting experiments related to the moisture content [18][19][20][21] and anisotropy [22][23][24] of the rocks, the surface roughness [25], the direct and indirect correlation of ultrasonic waves [26][27][28][29], and the effects of the probe [30], couplant [25], and measuring operator [31].…”

Evaluation of Stability and Deterioration Characteristics for the Rock-carved Standing Buddha Triad in Gyeongju Seoak-dong, Korea

“…(H) Before conservation affairs of the Buddha statues (Moon, 1969). (I to J) After conservation recovery of the Buddha triad (Lee et al, 2001 (Fitzner and Heinrichs, 2001;Fitzner et al, 2003;Jo and Lee, 2011 (Lee et al, 2009;Lee and Jo, 2017;Jo and Lee, 2014c;2015). 또한 이 결과를 2D 모델링하고 본존불 영역의 균 열도와 중첩하여 상관관계를 분석하였다(Fig.…”