Establishment rate of cattle gastrointestinal nematodes in farmed red deer ( Cervus elaphus )

Doesschate, S.J. ten; Pomroy, W.E.; Tapia-Escárate, D.; Scott, Ian; Wilson, Peter R.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.06.016

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Seventeen out of these 22 helminth species were previously defined as generalists, one species ( M. capillaris ) was transmitted between sheep and goat and previously identified as tribe specialist. Cooperia curticei and Cooperia punctata , which were unassigned in our prediction due to the lack of data, were attributed further to the generalists, as successful transmission between cattle, sheep, and red deer was shown ( 25 , 26 , 28 , 34 , 42 ). No attribution could be done for two helminths, Nematodirus roscidus and N. helvetianus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Transmission of Helminths between Species of Ruminants in Austria Appears More Likely to Occur than Generally Assumed

2018

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Helminth infections of the gastrointestinal tract and lungs can lead to devastating economical losses to the pastoral based animal production. Farm animals can suffer from malnutrition, tissue damage, and blood loss resulting in impaired production traits and reproduction parameters. In Austria, pastures grazed by sheep, goats, and cattle overlap with the habitats of several species of wild cervids (roe deer, red deer, sika deer, and fallow deer) and bovids (mouflon, chamois, and ibex), and transmission of parasites between different ruminant species seems likely. A complete and updated overview on the occurrence of helminths of domestic and wild ruminants in Austria is presented. Based on these data, intersections of the host spectrum of the determined parasites were depicted. The “liability index” was applied to identify the ruminant species, which most likely transmit parasites between each other. A degree for host specificity was calculated for each parasite species based on the average taxonomic distance of their host species. Of the 73 identified helminth species 42 were identified as generalists, and 14 transmission experiments supported the assumed broad host specificity for 14 generalists and 1 specialist helminth species. Overall, 61 helminths were found to infect more than one host species, and 4 were found in all 10 ruminant species investigated. From these analyses, it can be concluded that a number of helminth parasites of the gastrointestinal tract and the lungs are potentially transmitted between domestic and wild ruminants in Austria. For some parasites and host species, experimental evidence is in support for possible transmission, while for other such studies are lacking. Host preference of different genotypes of the same parasite species may have a confounding effect on the evaluation of cross-transmission, but so far this has not been evaluated systematically in helminths in Austria. Further studies focusing on experimental cross-transmission and genetic characterization are needed to define the potential consequences for the epidemiology of those parasites, animal welfare, and economic impact.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Transmission of Helminths between Species of Ruminants in Austria Appears More Likely to Occur than Generally Assumed

2018

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“…were sampled during mortality events, showed co-infection with Trichostrongylus spp., and two of them also with Haemonchus spp. This record is significant due to the high pathogenicity of these agents in domestic livestock and wildlife [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A participatory surveillance of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) morbidity and mortality in Argentina: first results

et al. 2020

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Background: In an era of unprecedented socio-ecological changes, managing wildlife health demands high-quality data collection and the engagement of local communities. Blastocerus dichotomus, the largest South American deer, is Vulnerable to extinction mainly due to habitat loss. Diseases have been recognised as a potential threat, and winter mortality has been historically described in marsh deer populations from Argentina. Field difficulties have, however, prevented in-depth studies of their health status. Results: Between May 2014 and April 2017, we investigated marsh deer morbidity and mortality in the two largest populations in Argentina. We collected data by means of a passive surveillance system that involved a network of researchers, field partners (veterinarians, park rangers, and local community), and decision makers. We sampled marsh deer during as well as outside mortality events. A total of 44 marsh deer with different body condition scores were evaluated. We obtained haematology and biochemistry values from animals with good body condition score. Marsh deer with poor body condition had a high burden of the ticks Amblyomma triste and Rhipicephalus microplus. Vectorborne agents such as Theileria cervi, Trypanosoma theileri, Trypanosoma evansi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma odocoilei, Anaplasma marginale, and Candidatus Anaplasma boleense were also found. Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. were the most frequent gastrointestinal parasites in deer with poor body condition. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis reinforced a possible association of winter period with lower body score condition, high tick loads, infection with E. chaffeensis, and presence of harmful gastrointestinal parasites.

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“…and two of them with Haemonchus spp. This record is significant due to the high pathogenicity of these agents in domestic livestock and wildlife [43].…”

Section: Trypanosoma Theileri T Evansi a Platys A Odocoilei Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Baseline studies on the health of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) populations from Argentina: laying the grounds for an improved interpretation of mortality episodes

Orozco¹,

Argibay²,

Minatel³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The comprehensive approach to diseases in broad ecological contexts appears as a new challenge for global health and draws on baseline studies to detect changes in the occurrence of pathogens over time. Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) mortality episodes were described in Argentina and several pathogens associated with environmental and eco-epidemiological factors were indicated as risk factors. To date, the lack of basic health information on these populations has hampered interpretation of findings. This study aimed to provide baseline data on health parameters in marsh deer populations from Argentina. Results: Between May 2014 and December 2016 we determined health parameters in 44 marsh deer with different body condition scores, and studied the pathological lesions in dead animals. Marsh deer with poor body condition had a high burden of the ticks Amblyomma triste and Rhipicephalus microplus. Vector borne agents (VBAs), such as Theileria cervi. Trypanosoma theileri, Trypanosoma evansi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma odocoilei, Anaplasma marginale, and Candidatus Anaplasma boolense were also found. Haemonchus spp, Ostertagia spp., Trichostrongylus spp. showed the highest infection prevalence. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis suggested a possible association of i) lower body score condition with high tick loads and infection with VBAs and, ii) the impoverished body score with high loads of nemathelminths and well-known harmful gastrointestinal parasites. Conclusions: Our results contribute with knowledge on the life history and health aspects of marsh deer in the study areas. We provide data on the prevalent infectious and parasitic agents in their populations. A range of haematology and serum chemistryvalues, and the occurrence of Fasciola hepatica and Leptospira interrogans serovar pyrogenes were reported for the first time in wild marsh deer from Argentina. The histopathological findings in succumbed animals allowed us to recognize injuries associated or not with their body condition. Our results are the first step in the creation of a baseline on marsh deer health in Argentina. In the future, these data added to new contributions could help improve the interpretation of the findings during mortality events.

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Establishment rate of cattle gastrointestinal nematodes in farmed red deer ( Cervus elaphus )

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Transmission of Helminths between Species of Ruminants in Austria Appears More Likely to Occur than Generally Assumed

Transmission of Helminths between Species of Ruminants in Austria Appears More Likely to Occur than Generally Assumed

A participatory surveillance of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) morbidity and mortality in Argentina: first results

Baseline studies on the health of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) populations from Argentina: laying the grounds for an improved interpretation of mortality episodes

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