Estaturas generacionales y residencia por distritos en la ciudad de Madrid durante el siglo XX

Varea, Carlos; Terán, José Manuel; García, Elena Sánchez; Ma, Haiqian; Medel, Sergio López; Cava, Daniel Pérez; Ríos, Luis

doi:10.20960/nh.2089

Cited by 4 publications

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“…This study analyses secular trends in height, weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) in conscripts called up in Madrid between 1955 and 1974, a crucial period for the modernisation of Spain. The data analysed comes from what are known as the Libros Filiadores de Madrid (LFM), a historical source kept in the Guadalajara General Military Archive ( Archivo General Militar de Guadalajara , AGMG) and unpublished [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. The LFM include information about the conscripts, their home address, date of birth, anthropometric variables, allegations made, and extension requests granted, among others.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research addresses the anthropometry and somatology of the male population of Madrid (Spain) between 1955 and 1974 using height, weight and BMI. Our previous studies of height in the city of Madrid show a significant global increase for the cohorts born in the first half of the 20th century, albeit with noticeable socioeconomic differences depending on district of residence [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. In the country as a whole, this period is characterised by the change from the tough economic and social conditions of the autarchy to the rapid economic growth in the 1960s and early 70s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain: Height, Weight and Body Mass Index of Conscripts in the City of Madrid, 1955–1974

García

Martínez-Carrión

Terán

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Typifying historical populations using anthropometric indicators such as height, BMI and weight allows for an analysis of the prevalence of obesity and malnutrition. This study evaluates secular changes in height, weight and body mass for men cohorts at 21 years old, born between 1934 and 1954 who were called up between 1955 and 1974, in the city of Madrid, Spain. In this study we prove the hypothesis that anthropometric variables increase thanks to improvement in diet and significant investments in hygiene and health infrastructure during the 1960s. The results of our analysis show a positive secular change in the trends for height (an increase of 4.67 cm), weight (6.400 kg) and BMI (0.90 Kg/m2), the result of a recovery in standards of living following the war and the autarchy of the 1940s. We also observed a slight trend towards obesity and a reduction in underweight categories at the end of the period is also observed. In conclusion, the secular trends of anthropometric variables in the city of Madrid reflect the recovery of living standards after the deterioration of the nutritional status suffered during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) and the deprivation of the autarchic period.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain: Height, Weight and Body Mass Index of Conscripts in the City of Madrid, 1955–1974

García

Martínez-Carrión

Terán

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Data analysed correspond to the height recorded at municipal conscripting offices in Madrid City for young men called up during the period of compulsory military service in Spain, a source that was unedited and, up to now, preserved in the Archivo General Militar de Guadalajara (AGMG, General Military Archive of Guadalajara, Spain) [27]. Data correspond to the information regarding all young men called up in the city at the age of 21 between 1936 and 1974 (cohorts born from 1915 to 1953).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distribution of height for the five districts and both groups are statistically normal (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test). Secular trends in height were evaluated by quadratic regression models [27]. Differences between districts for select years were evaluated by Student's t -test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, at an international level, research on differences in height and socio-economic characteristics in urban districts or neighbourhoods is limited to very few studies, restricted to the United States at the end of the 20th century [25,26]. Our study aims to increase understanding of secular trends and social disparities in height in big cities during the 20th century [27]. We test the hypothesis that urban spatial segregation and social stratification were associated with significant differences in height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparities in Height and Urban Social Stratification in the First Half of the 20th Century in Madrid (Spain)

Varea

García

Bogin

et al. 2019

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Adult height is the most commonly used biological indicator to evaluate material and emotional conditions in which people grew up, allowing the analysis of secular trends associated with socio-economic change as well as of social inequalities among human populations. There is a lack of studies on both aspects regarding urban populations. Our study evaluates the secular trends and the disparities in height of conscripts born between 1915 and 1953 and called-up at the age of 21 between 1936 and 1969, living in districts with low versus middle and high socio-economic conditions, in the city of Madrid, Spain. We test the hypothesis that urban spatial segregation and social stratification was associated with significant differences in height. Results show that height increased significantly during the analysed period, both among conscripts living in the middle- and upper-class districts (5.85 cm) and in the lower-class districts (6.75 cm). The positive secular trend in height among conscripts from middle- and upper-class districts was sustained throughout the period, but the trend in height among the lower class fluctuated according to social, political, and economic events. Our findings support previous research that adult height is influenced strongly by the family living conditions during infancy and by community effects acting during childhood and adolescence.

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Height and Inequality in Spain: A Long-Term Perspective

Cámara¹,

Martínez-Carrión

Puche

et al. 2019

RHE / JILAEH

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This article analyses the evolution of nutritional inequality in Spain among cohorts born between 1840 and 1964. With male height data (N = 358,253), the secular trend of biological well-being and intergenerational anthropometric inequalities are studied based on the coefficient of variation, height percentiles and socioeconomic categories (students, literate non-students and illiterate). The results reveal that the nutritional inequalities were very large in the mid-19th century. Anthropometric inequalities diminished among those born between 1880 and 1919 and increased again, although only moderately, from the cohorts of the 1920s. From the 1930s there was a cycle of sustained increase in height. Despite nutritional improvement, the data suggest that nutritional inequalities increased during the Franco regime, affecting the low-income population segments particularly.

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Estaturas generacionales y residencia por distritos en la ciudad de Madrid durante el siglo XX

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain: Height, Weight and Body Mass Index of Conscripts in the City of Madrid, 1955–1974

Biological Well-Being during the “Economic Miracle” in Spain: Height, Weight and Body Mass Index of Conscripts in the City of Madrid, 1955–1974

Disparities in Height and Urban Social Stratification in the First Half of the 20th Century in Madrid (Spain)

Height and Inequality in Spain: A Long-Term Perspective

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