Estenose idiopática de traquéia: relato de quatro casos

Abstract

Idiopathic tracheal stenosis is uncommon. Herein, we report four cases, all presenting a similar clinical profile: diagnosed through bronchoscopy and having a history of being treated unsuccessfully for bronchospasm. Three of the patients were treated with dilatation and an oral corticosteroid. One of those three underwent tracheoplasty. In the remaining patient, the stenosis was more extensive (2 cm, with a 70% reduction in the size of the lumen), and dilatation was not an option. Therefore, that patient underwent laryngotracheal resection. In all four patients, the evolution was favorable. Idiopathic tracheal stenosis should be contemplated in cases of bronchitis that are not resolved using conventional treatments. Bronchoscopy and dilatation have provided satisfactory results. Occasionally, laryngotracheal reconstruction is necessary.

Idiopathic Subglottic Tracheal Stenosis Misdiagnosed As Vocal Cord Dysfunction and Successfully Treated with Laser and Controlled Radial Expansion Balloon Dilation

“…An association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and laryngotracheal stenosis has been found. However, a definite conclusion regarding its role has not yet been reached, especially since the stenosis does not typically progress [6,7]. The female predominance suggests hormonal etiology of the disease.…”

A case of idiopathic tracheal stenosis

“…Some authors have postulated that the incidence of ITS is higher in post-menopausal females secondary to the absence of estrogen receptors at the site of stenosis. This leads to the increase of fibroblast growth factor at that site, which in turn results in the formation of a stenotic lesion [3]. Patients usually present with progressive shortness of breath, hoarseness, stridor, and wheezing [2].…”

“…Balloon dilation is a conservative treatment approach that can be employed in some cases [3]. Other modalities such as airway stenting, laser treatment, surgical reconstruction or resection are available [3]. In cases where ITS involves only the upper trachea segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis can be performed [5].…”