Ester synthesis in lipase-catalyzed reactions

Enzymatic synthesis of glyceride esters in solvent-free system: influence of the molar ratio, lipase source and functional activating agent of the support

“…17 Under these conditions, the reaction involves the presence of at least two distinct liquid phases (organic and aqueous) and the distribution of water between the enzymatic solid and solution depends very much on the nature of both substrate and support material. 26 In the present work, the bulk fluid phase is a mixture of organics (solvent free system) and presents high polarity due to the hydrophilic character of glycerol. Therefore care should be taken to reduce beforehand the water content in the substrate by applying dehydration techniques, such as the use of molecular sieves as described in the Experimental.…”

“…This has a profound effect on the lipase behavior, either directly, by affecting the hydration of the enzyme, or indirectly, by changing the nature of the reaction media and/or enzyme support materials. 26 In addition, water is also formed as a by-product in the same molar proportion as the main product. 17 Under these conditions, the reaction involves the presence of at least two distinct liquid phases (organic and aqueous) and the distribution of water between the enzymatic solid and solution depends very much on the nature of both substrate and support material.…”

“…In the case of Lipozyme, which consists of a lipase preparation immobilized on an ion exchange resin and has been reported to have a high water binding capacity, [17][18][19][20] its use allowed to attain high reaction rate without any interference on the desirable direction, presumably through support-mediated buffering of the water content. 17 This may explain also the lower performance attained by Novozym 435, a Candida antarctica B lipase immobilized on a macroporous acrylic resin with a water content of 1-2% (m/m), 26 although this immobilized preparation has been shown in other work to give reasonable yields in glyceryl ester production under nonaqueous reaction conditions. 23 …”

Determinação das propriedades catalíticas em meio aquoso e orgânico da lipase de Candida rugosa imobilizada em celulignina quimicamente modificada por carbonildiimidazol

“…As lipases podem catalisar reações de hidrólise, esterificação e interesterificação, com extrema simplicidade de processo, qualidade superior do produto final e excelente rendimento [1][2][3] . Estas características conferem às lipases um potencial biotecnológico comparável ao das proteases e carboidrases -enzimas industrialmente utilizadas -estimulando pesquisas para otimização da sua produção, caracterização, imobilização e aplicação industrial 2,3 .…”

“…Idealmente os sistemas catalisados por lipases devem ser tratados caso a caso e as generalizações devem ser praticadas com cautela 2 . Portanto, a seleção das condições adequadas na catálise enzimática em meios não convencionais deve seguir uma cuidadosa manipulação do meio-ambiente do biocatalisador, de tal forma que a produtividade do sistema seja maximizada por meio da potencialidade total da atividade enzimática 2 .…”