Esterase polymorphism in the corn earworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie): A survey of temporal and spatial allelic variation in natural populations

Effects of Low-Temperature Stress and Brassinolide Application on the Photosynthesis and Leaf Structure of Tung Tree Seedlings

“…We found that a lowtemperature treatment significantly damaged the chloroplast structure, loosening the thylakoids until they were disintegrated and increasing the number of liposomes in the chloroplasts, indicating that the photosynthetic apparatus was destroyed in both species during the late stage of the lowtemperature stress. Similar observations have also been made (Taylor and Craig, 1971;Marzanna et al, 2002). Thus, we can conclude that the decrease in the rate of photosynthesis during the late stage of low-temperature stress was mostly due to non-stomatal factors that damaged the photosynthetic mechanism by analysing results above.…”

Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Allelic Frequencies in Cotton Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…Little genetic subdivision has been found among geographic populations of the bollworm (Sell et al 1975. Allele frequencies at the Est-II locus were temporally stable in most populations examined (Sell et al 1975).…”

“…Although considerable progress has been made in the general biology and ecology of H. virescens and H. zea (Fitt 1989 and references therein), there is limited information on many aspects of population genetics (Sell et al 1975, Sluss et al 1978, Sluss and Graham 1979. Fitt (1989) recognized that high mobility was one of four key characteristics responsible for the pest status of H. virescens and H. zea.…”

“…Allele frequencies at the Est-II locus were temporally stable in most populations examined (Sell et al 1975). A founder event was hypothesized to account for the reduction of heterozygosity in H. zea compared with its Old World counterpart H. armigera ).…”

The role of sex pheromones in the reproductive isolation of Heliothis species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) / by Peter Edmund Allan Teal.

“…Evidence concerning populational differences in H. zea is more concrete. Hardwick (1965) has noted definite morphological differences between the Hawaiian H. zea and continental populations and there is evidence of genetic variation among natural populations (Sell et a!., 1975) and laboratory and wild populations (Sluss et al . , 1978).…”