Esthesioneuroblastoma in Children

Abstract

Esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma) is a rare tumor of the olfactory epithelium. Approximately 1,000 cases have been described in the literature since the original description in 1924. It occurs in older individuals and is rare in children. The authors describe the clinicopathologic presentation in a series of five children treated with neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy and review the English literature for previously described patients younger than 18 years to assess clinical presentation, mode of treatment, and outcome in this age group.

Clinical experience with fetal hemoglobin induction therapy in patients with β-thalassemia

“…Long-term transfusion independence in a b-thalassemia major patient was also reported with this combination. 129 In the late 1990s, Olivieri et al 90 reported 2 b-thalassemia major siblings (homozygous for hemoglobin Lepore) who showed remarkable total hemoglobin responses and transfusion independence from HbF induction with the combination of sodium phenylbutyrate and hydroxyurea. However, further observations in this direction were not always promising.…”

Proton therapy for pediatric and adolescent esthesioneuroblastoma

“…While described as far back as 1924 [4,5], clinical experience remains limited and management guidelines anecdotal as there are less than 50 pediatric cases reported in the literature, all displaying divergent treatment paradigms [6][7][8][9].…”

Esthesioneuroblastoma in Childhood and Adolescence

“…Almost all studies in the literature are retrospective reports, often case reports [4,5,8,12,14,23,31]. Randomized treatment trials are not practical for such a rare tumor.…”