Esthetics and Smile Characteristics From the Layperson's Perspective

Ker, A.J.; Chan, Richard W.; Fields, Henry W.; Beck, Mike; Rosenstiel, Stephen F.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0043

Cited by 225 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These results agree with similar data obtained from a study by Ker et al 19 , which reported that laypersons considered a gingival display of 2.1 mm as ideal, and up to 3.6 mm as tolerable. They also agree with data from the studies of Cracel-Nogueira, Pinho 4 , Guo et al 10 , Kaya, Uyar 11 , Oshagh et al 12 , Pithon et al 14 and Talic et al 3 , which reported that dentists are more critical than laypersons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Aesthetic perception of gingival smiles

Cavalcanti

Valentim

Guerra

et al. 2018

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: Cirurgiões-dentistas têm mostrado interesse em conhecer novos meios para a construção de sorrisos mais atraentes, porém com pouca preocupação em entender os motivos pelos quais o paciente está insatisfeito. Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção estética de pessoas leigas em odontologia em comparação com dentistas clínicos gerais e periodontistas quanto ao sorriso gengivoso, e comparar esta percepção estética do gênero masculino e feminino. Metodologia: Foi realizada fotografia de um sorriso padrão e modificada digitalmente para criar as condições periodontais de sorriso gengivoso de 0,5mm até 2,5mm. As fotografias foram avaliadas por 150 indivíduos (25-65 anos), 81 do gênero feminino e 69 do masculino, divididos em três grupos: 50 leigos, 50 clínicos gerais e 50 periodontistas. A avaliação foi realizada por escala analógica visual. Os testes de avaliação estatística utilizados foram Quiquadrado de Person, t de Student, ANOVA e Newman-keuls. Resultado: As percepções estéticas entre os profissionais são semelhantes, e percebem mudanças na estética do sorriso mais sutis que leigos. Os clínicos gerais e os periodontistas foram sensíveis de forma semelhante às mudanças geradas no sorriso gengivoso quando estas chegaram a 1,5 mm, enquanto que os leigos só perceberam quando estas modificações chegaram a 2,5 mm. Em todos os grupos não houve diferença significativa da percepção estética de avaliadores do gênero masculino e feminino. Conclusão: A percepção estética do sorriso gengivoso entre dentistas clínicos gerais e periodontistas foi semelhante, e os profissionais de odontologia foram mais exigentes do que os leigos. Não houve diferença na percepção estética feminina e masculina.Descritores: Gengiva; percepção; estética; fotografia; sorriso. Abstract Introduction:Dentists have shown interest in learning new techniques to create more attractive smiles, but with little concern for understanding the reasons why the patient is dissatisfied. Objective: To evaluate the aesthetic perception of laypersons in dentistry in comparison with general practitioner dentists and periodontists regarding the gingival smile, and to compare this aesthetic perception between the male and female genders. Methodology: A photograph of a standard smile was taken and was digitally modified to create the periodontal conditions of a gingival smile from 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm. The photographs were judged by 150 individuals (25-65 years of age), 81 female and 69 male, divided into three groups: 50 laypersons, 50 general practitioners and 50 periodontists. The evaluation was performed using a visual analog scale. The statistical evaluation tests used were the Pearson Chi squared test, Student's t-test, ANOVA and Newman-keuls. Result: The aesthetic perceptions among the professionals are similar, and they observe more subtle changes in the aesthetics of the smile than the laypersons observe. The general practitioners and periodontists were similarly sensitive to changes generated in the gingival smile when these reached 1.5 mm, while laypersons o...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…According to studies conducted using orthodontists, experts are less tolerant than the general public of certain conditions, and sometimes overestimate the need for treating these patients 11,19,20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aesthetic perception of gingival smiles

Cavalcanti

Valentim

Guerra

et al. 2018

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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“…They have been found an acceptable alternative to paper-based surveys in psychological research (Buchanan and Smith, 1999). Several researchers have used web-based surveys to obtain data about smile aesthetics (Ker et al, 2008, Lin et al, 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space closing versus space opening for bilateral missing upper laterals – aesthetic judgments of laypeople: a web-based survey

Qadri¹,

Parkin

Benson³

2016

Journal of Orthodontics

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Objective: To investigate the opinions of laypeople regarding the aesthetic outcome of treating patients with developmental absence of both maxillary lateral incisors with either orthodontic space closure (OSC) or space opening and prosthetic replacement (PR). Design:Cross sectional, web-based survey.Methods: A panel of five orthodontists and five restorative dentists examined the post-treatment intra-oral images of 21 patients with developmental absence of both upper lateral incisors. A consensus view was obtained about the 10 most attractive images (5 OSC; 5 PR). The 10 selected images were used in a web-based survey involving staff and students at the University of Sheffield.In the first section the participants were asked to evaluate the attractiveness of the 10 randomly arranged single images using a 5-point Likert scale. In the second section an image of OSC was paired with an image of PR according to their attractiveness ranking by the clinician panel, and the participants were asked to indicate which of the two images they preferred. Results:The survey received 959 completed responses with 9590 judgements. The images of OSC were perceived to be more attractive (mean rating 3.34 out of 5; sd 0.56) compared with the images of PR (mean rating 3.14 out of 5; sd 0.58) (mean diff 0.21; P<0.001). Female and staff judges tended to give higher attractiveness ratings. Both females and males preferred the OSC images closing in 3 out of 4 paired images. Conclusion:Space closing was perceived to be more attractive than space opening by lay people.The findings have implications for advising patients about the best aesthetic outcome when both maxillary lateral incisors are missing.

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“…[9][10][11][12][23][24][25][26] In the literature, digitally altered images have often been created from a single image of the same patient to obtain a variety of sizes of the buccal corridor. [9][10][11][12][23][24][25][26] However, studies on the buccal corridor with nonmanipulated photographs 13,27 have failed to report a correlation between the buccal corridor and smile attractiveness. Janson 6 recently reviewed previous articles on this matter and concluded that images of actual patients are more acceptable SMILE ATTRACTIONS than digitally altered smiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional analyses of frontal posed smile attractiveness in Japanese female patients

Hata

Arai

2015

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To identify appropriate dimensional items in objective diagnostic analysis for attractiveness of frontal posed smile in Japanese female patients by comparing with the result of human judgments. Materials and Methods: Photographs of frontal posed smiles of 100 Japanese females after orthodontic treatment were evaluated by 20 dental students (10 males and 10 females) using a visual analogue scale (VAS). The photographs were ranked based on the VAS evaluations and the 25 photographs with the highest evaluations were selected as group A, and the 25 photos with the lowest evaluations were designated group B. Then 12 dimensional items of objective analysis selected from a literature review were measured. Means and standard deviations for measurements of the dimensional items were compared between the groups using the unpaired t-test with a significance level of P , .05. Results: Mean values were significantly smaller in group A than in group B for interlabial gap, intervermilion distance, maxillary gingival display, maximum incisor exposure, and lower lip to incisor (P , .05). Conclusions: Significant differences were observed only in the vertical dimension, not in the transverse dimension. Five of the 12 objective diagnostic items were correlated with human judgments of the attractiveness of frontal posed smile in Japanese females after orthodontic treatment. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:127-134.)

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Esthetics and Smile Characteristics From the Layperson's Perspective

Cited by 225 publications

References 43 publications

Aesthetic perception of gingival smiles

Aesthetic perception of gingival smiles

Space closing versus space opening for bilateral missing upper laterals – aesthetic judgments of laypeople: a web-based survey

Dimensional analyses of frontal posed smile attractiveness in Japanese female patients

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