Estilo Personal del Terapeuta: comparación entre profesionales que trabajan en instituciones de adicciones y profesionales del área clínica general/Therapist Personal Styles: A Comparison Between Professionals Working in Drug Addiction Institutions and Professionals Working in the General Clinical Area

Abstract

<p><strong>Español</strong></p><p>Los objetivos de este artículo fueron: (a) describir el perfil de Estilo Personal del Terapeuta (EPT) en dos grupos de psicólogos clínicos: uno que trabaja en instituciones de tratamiento de adicciones y otro no abocado específicamente a este campo; (b) comparar el posible efecto del enfoque teórico y los años de experiencia profesional sobre el EPT en cada grupo. Para ello se trabajó con una muestra de 429 psicólogos clínicos de Argentina divididos en dos grupos: Grupo Adicciones (n = 102) y Grupo Clínico (n = 327). Como instrumento se empleó el Cuestionario de Estilo Personal del Terapeuta. A nivel de resultados se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en la función de Involucración (p < .05), donde los terapeutas de adicciones obtuvieron puntajes superiores. Asimismo, se observaron diferencias entre ambos grupos de terapeutas según el enfoque teórico y correlaciones significativas con los años de experiencia profesional.</p><p><strong>English</strong></p><p>The objectives of this study were: (a) to describe the profile of the Therapist’s Personal Style (TPS) in two groups of clinical psychologists: one group working in drug addict institutions and the other group dedicated to general clinical treatment; (b) to compare the possible effect of the theoretical framework and the years of experience on the TPS in each group. For this purpose, a sample of 429 clinical psychologists from Argentina was divided into two groups: Addictions Group (n = 102) and Clinical Group (n = 327). The Therapeutic Personal Style Questionnaire was used as instrument. As a result, there were significant differences in the Engagement function (p < .05), higher among the therapists of drug addict patients. Likewise, differences between both groups of therapists were observed according to the theoretical approach as well as significant correlations with years of professional experience.</p>

Associations between the personal style of the therapist, empathy and theory of mind among Argentine psychotherapists

“…The PST profile of systemic therapists was found to be very similar to those of cognitive behavioral therapists, except for the preference for structured interventions (Casari et al, 2019). Finally, integrative therapists' PST profiles are characterized by rigid therapeutic settings (Casari et al, 2019). Bateman and Fonagy (2016) defined mentalizing (also known as "theory of mind"; ToM) as a preconscious response that includes the perception and interpretation of one's own and others' behaviors.…”

“…Several lines of research have applied the PSTQ to study the associations of PST with professional and personal therapist variables. Significant associations have been found with therapists' personality (e.g., Casari et al, 2019;Genise, 2015;Genise & García, 2016), as well as with other professional factors such as theoretical background (for a review, see Casari et al, 2018).…”

“…However, several studies indicate that certain style features covary systematically with specific theoretical orientations (for a review, see Casari et al, 2018). Psychoanalysts' PST profiles have been found to be quite consistent: broad attentional focus, preference for spontaneous interventions, greater emotional distance, low degree of commitment to the task, and an inclination towards a rigid therapeutic setting (Casari et al, 2019;Castañeiras et al, 2006Castañeiras et al, , 2008Oliveira et al, 2007;Fernández Alvarez et al, 2005;Ferreira et al, 2019;SilvaPalma & GuedesGondim, 2016;Vázquez & Gutiérrez, 2015). The PST profile of cognitive behavioral therapists seems to be the opposite: narrow attentional focus, preference for structured interventions, and an inclination towards a more flexible therapeutic settings (Casari et al, 2019;Castañeiras et al, 2006Castañeiras et al, , 2008Oliveira et al, 2007;FernándezÁlvarez et al, 2005;Ferreira et al, 2019;Vázquez & Gutiérrez, 2015).…”

“…The PST profile of cognitive behavioral therapists seems to be the opposite: narrow attentional focus, preference for structured interventions, and an inclination towards a more flexible therapeutic settings (Casari et al, 2019;Castañeiras et al, 2006Castañeiras et al, , 2008Oliveira et al, 2007;FernándezÁlvarez et al, 2005;Ferreira et al, 2019;Vázquez & Gutiérrez, 2015). The PST profile of systemic therapists was found to be very similar to those of cognitive behavioral therapists, except for the preference for structured interventions (Casari et al, 2019). Finally, integrative therapists' PST profiles are characterized by rigid therapeutic settings (Casari et al, 2019).…”

Práctica Deliberada en Psicoterapia en el Programa de Psicólogo Interno Residente Español

“…Se evalúa mediante el cuestionario de estilo personal del terapeuta (EPT-C) (Fernández-Álvarez, García, Lo Bianco y Corbella, 2003), recientemente validado en población española (Prado-Abril et al, 2020). Se ha comparado el estilo personal del terapeuta en función de la escuela psicoterapéutica (Quiñones y Ugarte, 2019) o experiencia atendiendo a un tipo de problemática (Casari e Ison, 2019). Una hipótesis a contrastar sería que un supervisor cuyo estilo terapéutico fuese similar al del residente favoreciese su aprendizaje, a través de un marco compartido de actitudes y conductas respecto a la supervisión y el proceso terapéutico.…”