Estilos de disciplina y trastornos comórbidos de adolescentes con trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad. Un estudio longitudinal

Abstract

trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad Discipline styles and co-morbid disorders of adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a longitudinal study Introduction. Problems in cognitive functioning, social and educational development of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) continue to be present in adolescence and adulthood. Although the literature shows a significant relationship between the use of dysfunctional discipline methods and severity in the course of ADHD, follow-up studies have been rare. Aims. To analyze parenting style and ADHD symptomatology assessed in childhood (time 1) to predict the oppositional behavior and cognitive problems in early adolescence (time 2), and to study, depending on the use of dysfunctional parenting style, the course of oppositional behavior and cognitive problems. Patients and methods. Forty-five children with ADHD-combined presentation were assessed in two different moments: time 1 (ages: 6-13) and time 2 (ages: 8-16). Results. Oppositionism and cognitive problems in the follow-up were predicted by dysfunctional discipline styles and ADHD severity (assessed in time 1). Oppositional behavior increased between time 1 and time 2 in children with a dysfunctional parenting, whereas a decrease on oppositional symptoms was observed in the functional parenting group (time × discipline interaction effect). Conclusions. Dysfunctional parenting practices in childhood predicted cognitive and behavioral problems associated in adolescence. The findings have implications for the planning of interventions.

Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu olgularında kötü muamelenin belirti düzeyine etkisi

“…Because the FAD roles subscale was detected as a significant unhealthy family condition, it may be interpreted that adequate parenting styles may not be present in these families compared with other families with children with ADHD. In the literature, it has been suggested that factors such as a lack of effective parenting skills, inappropriate parent-child interaction, and common usage of corporal punishment may be associated with both the presence and persistence of cognitive and behavioral problems, especially in the presence of ADHD and comorbid ODD 8,37,38 . Therefore, parameters such as the presence of negative family conditions, increased child-family conflict, relatively low social support, and domestic violence may be risk factors for the presence and severity of ADHD-C and oppositional symptoms 10,38 The maltreatment status data in our study were based on parental reports.…”

Efectos de un programa de conducta prosocial en estudiantes universitarios

“…Bajo condiciones experimentales se ha determinado que el establecimiento de sanciones tiene un impacto mesurable en la obediencia a la autoridad (Luna et al, 2017), mientras que el uso de recompensas positivas tiene un efecto significativo en la conducta prosocial (Carlo et al, 2016). Ambos aspectos están relacionados con la crianza y el establecimiento de normas, ya que la disciplina en el hogar se asocia con un mayor autocontrol de parte de los hijos, siempre que se aplique de forma afectiva y programada (Colomer-Diago et al, 2014). En tal sentido, el apoyo emocional y la empatía de los padres tiene un impacto significativo en la conducta prosocial de los hijos (Mestre et al, 2007), además, la comunicación con los padres y las emociones positivas están fuertemente asociados con la prosocialidad de los adolescentes (Ruvalcaba-Romero et al, 2018).…”