Estimación de la concentración de clorofila mediante métodos no destructivos en vid (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Riesling Becker

Abstract

El análisis de pigmentos en plantas es un procedimiento de laboratorio y comúnmente no es una medida inmediata que se realice in situ. El SPAD 502 y CCM-200 son equipos para estimar de modo indirecto, no destructivo y rápido el contenido de clorofila. La concentración de pigmentos fotosintéticos se relaciona con la concentración foliar de nitrógeno, por lo que de forma indirecta se puede conocer la deficiencia o exceso del elemento, puede servir como fundamento técnico para sugerir el manejo adecuado del cultivo, en busca de potencializar la eficiencia fotosintética, calidad y el rendimiento de un viñedo. La investigación buscó comparar las mediciones entre el medidor portátil de clorofila SPAD-502 y CCM-200, en la variedad de uva Riesling Becker, bajo condiciones de clima frío tropical, y con ello determinar el comportamiento de clorofila durante el crecimiento de las hojas 4, 5 y 6, desde floración hasta vendimia. La relación entre las mediciones con el SPAD- 502 y el CCM-200 se ajustaron a un polinomio de segundo grado determinado por la ecuación, para el Índice de Concentración de Clorofila, como ICC = 0,014SPAD2-0,2396SPAD+5,8021. Con un valor de R2=0,9343 (n=96; P≤0,0001), el cual indica que existe una alta correlación entre los equipos portátiles empleados en el presente estudio para determinar la clorofila de forma no destructiva. Las evaluaciones realizadas con los equipos permitieron obtener medidas rápidas y confiables. Siendo importante la elección del momento de medición de acuerdo con el estadio fenológico de la planta debido a la alta variabilidad en los contenidos de clorofila que se presentan en relación a la filotaxia.

Correlation between SPAD and chlorophylls a, b and total in leaves from Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Biloxi, Legacy and Victoria in the high tropics

“…The results agreed with the behavior of other species with respect to the mathematical adjustment of their relationships, such as in soybean, where linear regression best described the relationship between SPAD readings and concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (Fritschi and Ray, 2007). However, the results differed from those reported by Castañeda et al (2018), who indicated that, in grape leaves, polynomial equations generated the best correlation between the SPAD method and the destructive method. Donnelly et al (2020) observed that the quadratic model showed the best fit when correlating the SPAD method and the chlorophyll content extracted from the leaves of different tree species.…”

“…Deok Han et al (2022a) indicated that the SPAD value of leaves is related to maturity since leaves in the apical position are relatively immature, and leaves in the basal position are comparatively old, causing the total chlorophyll content to vary. Likewise, Castañeda et al (2018) observed that, in Vitis vinifera plants, as leaves acquired darker green tones, the SPAD value increased. Therefore, the plant and the leaves must be taken into account when evaluated with these types of meters to obtain greater reliability in the results.…”

“…The SPAD has been widely used to directly determine the chlorophyll index, which has been correlated with elements such as nitrogen and magnesium in the leaves of different plant species, such as grapes (Castañeda et al, 2018;Ates andKaya, 2021), guava (Güiza-Castillo et al, 2020), soybean (Yokoyama et al, 2018), and wheat (Mehrabi and Sepaskhah, 2022). Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the concentrations of chlorophylls a, b and total in blueberry leaves (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) from the Biloxi, Legacy and Victoria c using the spectrophotometric method to observe the correlation with the non-destructive SPAD method cultivars under the conditions of the municipality of Paipa (Boyaca).…”

Estimation and correlation of chlorophyll and nitrogen contents in Psidium guajava L. with destructive and non-destructive methods

“…The SPAD-502® chlorophyll meter has been used successfully in the quantification of nitrogen content in crops such as vine apples (Callejas et al, 2014;Castañeda et al, 2018), corn (Castillo and Ligarreto, 2016), basil (Fenech-Larios et al, 2009), and tomatoes (Rodríguez et al, 1998;Hurtado et al, 2017), among others, because this method is easy, fast, and non-destructive.…”

“…The measurement of variables, such as the chlorophyll index, with non-destructive methods is a widely used technique for different species (Castañeda et al, 2018;Mendoza-Tafolla et al, 2019), including the commonly used SPAD total chlorophyll index type meter. This portable device indirectly, with a nondestructive method, evaluates the total chlorophyll index in leaves by means of light transmitted through the leaf, with the wavelengths 650 and 940 nm, providing an excellent approximation of the total chlorophyll content and N nutritional status in various crops (Zotarelli et al, 2003).…”