Estimasi Serapan Karbon Pada Vegetasi Mangrove Register 15, Kecamatan Pasir Sakti, Kabupaten Lampung Timur, Provinsi Lampung

Abstract

Perubahan iklim di sebabkan oleh kenaikan gas karbon dioksida (CO2) semenjak era revolusi industri dimana hal ini dicirikan dengan adanya peningkatan suhu, paras muka laut, perubahan pola curah hujan serta meningkatnya kejadian ekstrim seperti banjir, kekeringan, gelombang panas dan badai. Fenomena ini akan berdampak serius apabila berlangsung secara terus-menerus. Blue carbon (karbon biru) merupakan karbon yang diperangkap dan disimpan melalui proses fotosintesis oleh organisme autotrof dalam bentuk biomassa dan sedimen oleh ekosistem pesisir dan laut. Mangrove merupakan salah satu dari eksosistem sebagai blue carbon tersebut. Mangrove Register 15 merupakan suatu kawasan mangrove yang berada Kecamatan Pasir Sakti, Kabupaten Lampung Timur, Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karbon tersimpan pada tegakan, nek romassa, serasah, dan substrat mangrove. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Maret–Mei 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karbon tersimpan pada sedimen lebih besar dibandingkan dengan karbon tersimpan pada tegakan, nekromassa, dan serasah. Karbon tersimpan pada sedimen yang tertinggi berada pada sedimen yang memili ki ukuran liat kasar karena liat kasar dapat menyimpan unsur hara yang tinggi. Climate change is caused by an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) gas since the industrial revolution era where it is characterized by an increase in temperature, sea level, changes in rainfall patterns and increased extreme events such as floods, droughts, heat waves and storms. This phenomenon will have a serious impact if it continues. Blue carbon is carbon that is trapped and stored through the process of photosynthesis by autotrophic organisms in the form of biomass and sediment by coastal and marine ecosystems. Mangroves are one of these ecosystems as blue carbon. Mangrove Register 15 is a mangrove area located in Pasir Sakti District, East Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. This study aims to analyze the carbon stored in stands, nec romassa, litter, and mangrove substrates. The study was conducted from March–May 2021. The results showed that carbon stored in sediments was greater than carbon stored in stands, necromass, and litter. The highest carbon stored in sediments is in sediments that have the size of coarse clay because coarse clay can store high nutrients.

Optimization of Mangrove Ecosystem Services Based on Comparison of Stand Carbon Stock Estimates in Climate Change Mitigation

“…In addition, in stands at the study site, the species Rhizophora sp. is younger compared to Avicennia sp., where the average diameter of Rhizophora species is only <5 cm [17]. Based on brief interviews with managers, Rhizophora stands are a type of plant that has just been planted (aged <2 years), where previous Rhizophora stands experienced mass death of stands caused by inability to adapt to local site conditions and exposure to several diseases.…”

“…According to the study [14], the carbon content in stands has greater value compared to other parts. This is because the carbon storage contained in stands is obtained from nutrients in organic matter through the decomposition process on the soil surface and the process of photosynthesis [17]. It can be said that the condition of the site or topography has implications for the size of the carbon content in mangrove stands.…”

“…Mangrove stored carbon is a form of ecosystem service that is converted from free CO2 products into biomass stored on trunks through the process of photosynthesis [17]. Stand carbon content is very good for plants, but it will be bad for the environment if the CO2 content produced exceeds the tolerance threshold.…”

Potensi Serapan Karbon Ekosistem Mangrove Di Desa Eyat Mayang Kabupaten Lombok Barat

“…Konsentrasi CO2 di atmosfer mengalami peningkatan sejak revolusi industri. IPCC (2007) dalam Kusuma et al (2022), menyebutkan bahwa pada masa sebelum revolusi industri tahun 1780, konsentrasi CO2 di atmoser sebesar 280 ppm. Menurut BMKG (2022), konsentrasi CO2 per 2 Mei 2022 mencapai 418,9 ppm dan laju peningkatan konsentrasi CO2 pada periode 1980 sampai 2021 sebesar 2,45 ppm/tahun.…”

“…Ekosistem mangrove merupakan salah satu tipe ekosistem pesisir yang tumbuh pada substrat berlumpur dan memiliki peran ekologis salah satunya berkaitan dengan perubahan iklim. Ekosistem mangrove merupakan salah satu blue carbon (Kusuma et al, 2022) yang memiliki peran penting dalam mengurangi konsentrasi CO2 melalui proses fotosintesis. Proses fotosintesis pada vegetasi mangrove mengubah karbon anorganik CO2 menjadi karbon organik yang tersimpan dalam bentuk biomassa (Sinaga et al, 2023).…”