Estimate of Net Trophic Transfer Efficiency of PCBs to Lake Michigan Lake Trout from Their Prey

Madenjian, Charles P.; Hesselberg, Robert J.; Desorcie, Timothy J.; Schmidt, Larry J.; Stedman, Ralph M.; Quintal, Richard T.; Begnoche, Linda J.; Passino-Reader, Dora R.

doi:10.1021/es9708326

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…He also tried to estimate how this model would work in the field and concluded that at a log K OW value of greater than six, subsequent increases in K OW would not result in proportional increases in the bioconcentration factor because of the effects of transfer efficiency and growth in the study animals (compare, e.g., [32]). Later, a model for net trophic transfer of PCBs was developed for piscivorous fish that corrected for growth effects in the predator [33], and this model was further improved by taking predator age into account [34]. In the current study, PCBs with a range of K OW values that gives maximum uptake efficiency and a nonlinear increase after a K OW value of greater than six are included, which may explain why most PCB congeners had approximately the same BMF (both in salmon and in parasites).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification and polychlorinated biphenyl congener distribution in an aquatic predator‐prey, host‐parasite system

Persson

Larsson

Stenroth

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Biomagnification and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener distribution was examined in a predator-prey, host-parasite system, in which Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) preyed upon sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Eubothrium crassum was an intestinal parasite in salmon that also "preyed upon" sprat, because the parasites gained access to foodstuffs via the host (salmon) gut. Salmon contained significantly higher concentrations of total PCBs compared to both parasites and prey (sprat), but no difference in PCB concentration was found between sprat and E. crassum. Salmon biomagnified several PCB congeners from their diet (sprat), whereas parasites did not, despite the fact that both salmon and their parasites ingested the same prey. Differences in nutrient uptake mechanisms between the host and their parasites, in addition to the lack of a gastrointestinal tract in the cestode, may explain the lack of biomagnification in E. crassum. No difference was found in PCB congener distribution between parasites, salmon, and sprat, and none of the animal types showed a preference for accumulating more or less lipophilic congeners (congeners with a high or low octanol/water partition coefficient [K(ow)]). Biomagnification factors for individual congeners in salmon did not increase with K(ow); rather, they were constant, as shown by a linear relationship for congener concentration in prey and predator.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification and polychlorinated biphenyl congener distribution in an aquatic predator‐prey, host‐parasite system

Persson

Larsson

Stenroth

2007

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Long‐term elimination of PCBs via excretion in fish occurs at such a low rate that this rate is practically undetectable (Weininger 1978; Madenjian et al. 1998c), and therefore, long‐term elimination would not be expected to influence the ratio of male PCB concentration to female PCB concentration.…”

Section: Potential For Sex Differences In Gge To Explain Sex Differenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex effect on polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in fish: a synthesis

Madenjian¹

2011

Fish and Fisheries

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Introduction 452Potential for egg release to explain sex differences in PCB concentrations 453Potential for sex differences in habitat use to explain sex differences in PCB concentrations 455 Potential for sex differences in GGE to explain sex differences in PCB concentrations 456 Caveat about studying sex differences in PCB concentrations of fish 458 Future research directions in studying sex differences in PCB concentrations of fish 458 Acknowledgements 459 References 459Abstract Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulate in fish primarily via food intake, and therefore, PCBs serve as a chemical tracer for food consumption. Sex differences in PCB concentrations of fish have been attributed to the following three mechanisms: (i) females losing a substantial portion of their PCB body burden during spawning and consequently their PCB concentration is considerably reduced immediately after spawning; (ii) sex differences in habitat utilization leading to sex differences in the PCB concentrations of the prey; and (iii) sex differences in gross growth efficiency, which is defined as growth divided by the amount of food consumption needed to achieve that growth. Based on my analyses and synthesis, mechanisms (i) and (ii) operate in relatively few fish populations, but can lead to mature males having PCB concentrations two to three times higher than mature female PCB concentrations. In contrast, mechanism (iii) operates in all fish populations, but typically, mechanism (iii) results in relatively modest sex differences, with mature males only between 15 and 35% higher in PCB concentration than mature females. In summary, the study of sex differences in PCB concentrations of fish has led to insights into fish behaviour and fish physiology.

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“…Bioenergetics models have been developed and evaluated in attempts to understand implications of changes in prey densities and pollutant burdens on chemical accumulation in species including chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and lake trout (Jackson and Schindler 1996;Madenjian et al 1998aMadenjian et al , 1998b. These studies have primarily focused on pollutant food web transfer efficiencies rather than the importance of bioenergetic processes in regulating observed spatial and temporal trends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ measurement of tissue turnover and energy conversion efficiencies in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) using a novel toxicokinetic approach

Paterson¹,

Huestis²,

Whittle³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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We determined polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) elimination patterns in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from Lake Ontario using biomonitoring data collected from 1977 to 1993. The in situ elimination rates of these persistent pollutants were found to describe tissue turnover rates in lake trout. A model relating tissue turnover rates and endogenous energy conversion efficiencies revealed that chemical elimination in larger organisms is primarily regulated by food limitation and bioenergetic mechanisms rather than chemical kinetics. Lake trout approximately 2500 g and larger were observed to have higher PCB elimination rates than smaller fish as a result of increased lipid mobilization to supplement metabolic demands due to increased time spent foraging. This study concludes that the growth and production of large predators in Lake Ontario are regulated by the bioenergetic constraints of searching for prey in a foodlimited environment. We also demonstrate that persistent organic pollutant kinetics can describe the proportion of endogenous energy required to support metabolism and production, thus providing important in situ measurements of bioenergetic processes.Résumé : Des données de surveillance biologique de 1977 à 1993 nous ont servi à déterminer les patrons d'élimination des biphényls polychlorés (BPC) chez le touladi (Salvelinus namaycush) au lac Ontario. Les taux d'élimination sur place des ces polluants persistants représentent les taux de remplacement tissulaire chez le touladi. Un modèle qui met en relation les taux de remplacement tissulaire et les efficacités endogènes de conversion énergé-tique montre que l'élimination chimique chez les organismes de plus grande taille est principalement contrôlée par la limitation de nourriture et les mécanismes bioénergétiques que par la cinétique chimique. Les touladis d'environ 2500 g et de taille supérieure ont des taux d'élimination de BPC plus élevés que les poissons plus petits à cause d'une mobilisation plus forte des lipides pour assurer les besoins énergétiques requis par un temps plus long passé à la recherche de nourriture. Notre étude conclut que la croissance et la production des grands prédateurs dans le lac Ontario sont contrôlées par les contraintes bioénergétiques reliées à la recherche de proies dans un milieu où la nourriture est limitée. Nous démontrons aussi que la cinétique des polluants organiques persistants peut décrire la proportion de l'énergie endogène qui est requise pour supporter le métabolisme et la production, ce qui fournit des mesures in situ des processus bioénergétiques.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Paterson et al. 471

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Estimate of Net Trophic Transfer Efficiency of PCBs to Lake Michigan Lake Trout from Their Prey

Cited by 39 publications

References 15 publications

Biomagnification and polychlorinated biphenyl congener distribution in an aquatic predator‐prey, host‐parasite system

Biomagnification and polychlorinated biphenyl congener distribution in an aquatic predator‐prey, host‐parasite system

Sex effect on polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in fish: a synthesis

In situ measurement of tissue turnover and energy conversion efficiencies in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) using a novel toxicokinetic approach

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