“…Ibanaiko Lagoon, a shallow semi-enclosed lagoon (0Á5 km 2 , 1Á5 m mean depth) and its outlet (Daido River) to Lake Biwa, provide both a spawning and nursery habitat for wild G. caerulescens (Kikko, Kitakado, et al, 2015;Kikko, Okamoto, et al, 2015) and were selected as the study area. Gnathopogon caerulescens spawn not only in the reed zone but also in inlets of the lagoon from early April to mid-June ( Figure 1, Kikko et al, 2014, as well as a short distance along the outlet river (Kikko, Kitakado, et al, 2015). , boundary of the reed zone using plastic macrophytes as a spawning bed and incubated in aquarium tanks Taguchi et al, 2015; Table 1).…”