Estimated blood alcohol levels reached by "binge" and "nonbinge" drinkers: A survey of young adults in Montana.

Perkins, H. Wesley; Linkenbach, Jeff; DeJong, William

doi:10.1037/0893-164x.15.4.317

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As noted by Perkins, DeJong, and Linkenbach (2001), "Research literature does not provide a justification for a singular focus on a cutoff point of 5+/4+ drinks" (p. 317). Risk-function analyses, which use "typical" volume rather than heavy consumption on a single occasion, have failed to pinpoint the best threshold for prediction of negative consequences (Midanik et al, 1996;Room, Bondy, & Ferris, 1995;Wechsler et al, 1995;Weitzman & Nelson, 2004 The present study took an empirical approach to determination of the threshold for HED that maximally predicted both proximal and distal adverse-drinking-related outcomes.…”

Section: Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy episodic drinking: Determining the predictive utility of five or more drinks.

Jackson

2008

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

107

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Although the heavy episodic drinking (HED) measure of 5+ drinks (sometimes 4+ for women) is used extensively, there is no empirical basis for the designation of 5 drinks as the threshold (vs. another threshold that may perform equally). The present study sought to determine the threshold for HED that maximally predicts proximal and distal adverse-drinking-related outcomes. Participants included 115 young adults (57% female; 96% Caucasian) who partook in an 8-week Internet survey that assessed daily drinking as well as next-day hangover; 10 months later, adverse outcomes (problem drinking, alcohol-related problems, maximum number of drinks, and drug use) were surveyed. Thresholds were computed, with a range from 1+ drinks to 15+ drinks, and outcomes were predicted from each threshold. Findings for hangover measures showed relatively good convergence across multiple indicators, with greatest prediction occurring at a threshold of 10+ drinks per occasion. Different thresholds were observed for long-term outcomes, with higher thresholds indicative of outcomes with greater severity. Although alternatives to HED, such as subjective effects and blood alcohol concentration, can indicate risky drinking, a threshold measure of HED may have advantages in terms of prevention and of intervention efforts. Keywordsheavy episodic drinking; binge drinking; threshold; alcohol; measurement One of the goals of public health research is understanding the risks and the benefits associated with alcohol consumption (Gunzerath, Faden, Zakhari, & Warren, 2004). Commensurate with the recommendations of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2007), consumption of one to two drinks per day is associated with the lowest mortality risk for the adult U.S. population (Gunzerath et al., 2004). Research is increasingly showing that with regard to alcohol-associated risk, particularly among youths, drinking patterns are of greater importance than is volume consumed (generally measured as the product of frequency of consumption and of quantity consumed on a "typical" occasion). Indeed, at a given volume, less frequent heavy use is associated with greater risk of experiencing a negative outcome than is frequent light drinking (Midanik, Tam, Greenfield, & Caetano, 1996;Wechsler & Nelson, 2001). Occurrence or frequency of heavy episodic drinking (HED), which gauges heavy consumption in a short time frame (Wechsler & Nelson, 2001), has become a key metric in estimations of the prevalence of problematic alcohol involvement. Those who drink heavily on a given occasion are more likely to experience negative outcomes (e.g., injury, driving after drinking, alcohol dependence) compared with those who do not drink heavily on that occasion (e.g., Knight et al., 2003;Midanik et al., 1996;Wechsler, Davenport, Dowdall, Moeykens, & Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Kristina M. Jackson, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Box G-S121-4, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912. Kristina_Jackson@bro...

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Section: Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy episodic drinking: Determining the predictive utility of five or more drinks.

Jackson

2008

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

107

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“…Even though the existence of this consumption pattern has been acknowledged, a consensus among researchers is not appreciated, either in the definition or in the criteria that determine the consumption (Jackson, 2008;Lange & Voas, 2001;Marczinski, Comb, & Fillmore, 2007;Perkins, DeJong, & Linkenbach, 2001;Wagner et al, 2007;Wechsler & Nelson, 2001). Under terms such as "binge drinking", "heavy episodic drinking", "high-risk drinking", "risky drinking", "excessive episodic consumption", "alcohol intensive consumption episodes", "concentrated consumption", "binge consumption", they are referring to several aspects, such as the measure of the alcohol consumed in grams or in the number of consumptions, the frequency of the consumption, or the time interval in which the substance is ingested, to mention some.…”

Section: Palabras Clave: Botellón Consumo Intensivo De Alcohol Análmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traits that Define the Different Alcohol Intensive Consume Type during the Practice of “Botellon”

et al. 2012

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data of 6009 youngsters (14-25 years old) were collected from three Spanish cities. Only individuals who engage in intensive consumption of alcohol (n = 2807) have been included. The purpose of this work has been to identify the different types of consumers at risk through a cluster analysis and to establish a profile for each particular group. Four groups were differentiated by age, gender, alcohol consumption and years of consumption. It was observed that adolescent students and university students of the same sex consume similar quantities of alcohol, and justify their consumption alluding to personal factors, whereas university students refer to issues related to control of leisure. The consumption by males is the highest, and they are the most likely to seek drunkenness. They associate to a lesser degree their consumption with the possibility of developing an addictive process. In general, all youngsters consider that their consumption will have no negative consequences. These results indicate the need to come up with different alternatives, addressing the particularities of each group. Keywords: botellon, intensive consumption of alcohol, cluster analysis, typology of consumers, youngsters.Un fenómeno que en España favorece el actual patrón de consumo de alcohol juvenil es el conocido como botellón. A partir de una investigación financiada por el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (2004Drogas ( -2007, se recogieron datos de 6009 jóvenes entre 14 y 25 años en tres ciudades españolas, considerando para este trabajo a quienes realizan episodios de consumo intensivo de alcohol (n = 2807). El objetivo ha sido identificar los distintos tipos de consumidores de riesgo intensivos mediante un análisis de conglomerados y establecer el perfil característico de cada uno. Se diferencian cuatro grupos en función de la edad, sexo, cantidad de alcohol y años de consumo. Los estudiantes de secundaria ingieren cantidades de alcohol similares a las de los universitarios de su mismo sexo y aluden a aspectos personales para justificar este consumo, mientras que los universitarios hacen referencia a cuestiones asociadas al control del ocio. Los varones son quienes más consumen y más buscan la borrachera, aunque asocian en menor grado su ingesta con la posibilidad de desarrollar un proceso adictivo. En general, todos los jóvenes consideran que su consumo no tendrá consecuencias negativas. Estos resultados indican la necesidad de proponer alternativas diferentes atendiendo a las peculiaridades de cada grupo.

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“…At this rate, it only takes ~2 min for the concentration in the slice chamber to reach 50 mM. Even heavy binge drinking does not raise blood ethanol levels to 50 mM in such a short time (Lange and Voas, 2001;Perkins et al, 2001). To examine the effects of more gradual increases in ethanol such as might occur during a bout of binge drinking, we used a protocol in which a final concentration of 60 mM was achieved by stepwise increases of 10 mM every 15 min.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation by slow increases in ethanol concentration

2007

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To determine how acute ethanol intoxication may alter memory processing, we examined the effects of stepwise increases in ethanol on long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices. LTP was inhibited by acute administration of 60 mM ethanol, but was readily induced if ethanol was increased gradually to 60 mM over 75 min. Administration of 2-amino-5 phosphonovalerate (APV), an Nmethyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, during the stepwise increase in ethanol inhibited LTP, suggesting involvement of NMDA receptors in the development of tolerance. However, APV and nifedipine, an inhibitor of L-type calcium channels, failed to inhibit LTP when administered following the slow increase in ethanol. Ethanol-tolerant LTP was inhibited by thapsigargin, suggesting a major role for intracellular calcium release in this form of plasticity. The unique properties of ethanol-tolerant LTP suggest that memories formed during binge drinking are not acquired by standard synaptic mechanisms and that acute tolerance may involve the induction of novel mechanisms to maintain function. KeywordsAlcohol (ethanol); tolerance ; desensitization; allostasis Acute alcohol intoxication is a significant public health problem. During the intoxicated state, problems with motor coordination and cognitive processing are common. Some individuals exhibit profound deficits in memory that may include a complete inability to learn new information, a condition referred to as a 'blackout' (White, 2003). Cognitive and behavioral manifestations associated with acute intoxication are often determined by how ethanol is consumed. Thus, it is possible that both the rate of alcohol consumption and the amount of ethanol consumed are key factors in determining overall effects on the CNS.In hippocampal slices, numerous studies have shown that ethanol inhibits long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular model of memory and learning (Sinclair and Lo, 1986;Morrisett and Swartzwelder, 1993;Schummers and Browning, 2001). The concentration of ethanol required for LTP inhibition, however, has varied widely among reports. While many studies have found that ethanol inhibits LTP induction at concentrations of 50 mM or more (Randall et al., 1995;Sugiura et al., 1995;Schummers et al., 1997), some reports have shown that concentrations as low as 5 mM also impair LTP induction (Blitzer et al., 1990). The inconsistencies in these studies may reflect experimental differences including slice Correspondence: Yukitoshi Izumi, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA, Phone: +1 314 362 8659, Fax: +1 314 747 2983, Email: izumiy@psychiatry.wustl.edu Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note tha...

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Estimated blood alcohol levels reached by "binge" and "nonbinge" drinkers: A survey of young adults in Montana.

Cited by 58 publications

References 9 publications

Heavy episodic drinking: Determining the predictive utility of five or more drinks.

Heavy episodic drinking: Determining the predictive utility of five or more drinks.

Traits that Define the Different Alcohol Intensive Consume Type during the Practice of “Botellon”

Modulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation by slow increases in ethanol concentration

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