Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Mohamed, Hatem; Haris, Parvez I.; Brima, Eid I.

doi:10.3390/ijerph14121575

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(48 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…According to Al-Mssallem, [15] per capita date consumption in Saudi Arabian adults is about 100 g wet wt./person/day, whereas average body weight of a Saudi Citizen is 71 kg. [16] The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) values were thus calculated for the seven date varieties collected from different locations and compared with provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) or Provisional maximum tolerable daily intake established by world health regulatory agencies (Table 3).…”

Section: Dietary Intake Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals in some date palm fruit cultivars in Saudi Arabia and their health risk assessment

Salama

Randhawa

Mulla

et al. 2019

International Journal of Food Properties

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Date fruits have ample amount of beneficial minerals but owing to diverse causes may contract with heavy metals and contaminants during field, processing, or transportation posing health challenges to consumers. Hence, current research explored the toxic heavy metals (Al, As, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Sb) levels in seven date varieties (Sakay Mabroum, Sakay Normal, Rashadya Al-qaseem, Barny Al-Madina, Eklas Al-Hassa, Safawy Al-Madina, Kadary) collected from different locations of Saudi Arabia by applying inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Mean values of heavy metals were calculated and expressed. Most of the heavy metals with the exception of As, Pb, and Cd are within safe limit with respect to maximum allowable levels (MAL) in some date cultivars. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of heavy metals through dates consumption (100 gram/person/day) for As and Pb exceeded the Provisional maximum tolerable daily intake from some locations. Although Cd content was exceeding MAL; however, its EDI is well within safe limits of Provisional maximum tolerable daily intake. From EDI data, hazard risk index was also calculated, which predicted that both As and Pb can pose potential health hazards to dates consumers in Saudi Arabia. However, Pb contributed greater health risks due to date fruit consumption as compared to Arsenic.

show abstract

Section: Dietary Intake Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals in some date palm fruit cultivars in Saudi Arabia and their health risk assessment

Salama

Randhawa

Mulla

et al. 2019

International Journal of Food Properties

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, both CCA wood and the stainless steel barbecue may be the possible cause of contamination of Cr in the meat. Moreover, Cr content in raw beef topside was 0.15 ± 0.24 mg/kg, which is less than the values quantified in Saudi Arabia for raw red meat (0.25 mg/kg) [ 36 ], and Nigeria fresh bovine muscle (1.24 ± 0.52 mg/kg) [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The content of As in raw samples of beef topside, pork loin, and chicken breast is superior than the results obtained in a research carried out in Saudi Arabia for red meat 0.01 mg/kg and raw chicken 0.03 mg/kg [ 36 ], and those found in studies in Italy for raw equine meat 0.068 ± 0.005 mg/kg [ 37 ], and in Taiwan (raw beef = 0.008 ± 0.009 mg/kg and pork = 0.018 ± 0.027 mg/kg) [ 38 ]. Nonetheless, our results are in the range level of As in meat reported by FAO/WHO (0.004–0.78 mg/kg) [ 2 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Human Health Risk Assessment through Roasted Meats Consumption

Leite

Melo

Arakaki

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data on the content of metals and metalloids in roasted meats with different types of wood and charcoal are still scarce in the literature. The concentrations of metals (Al, Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, and Zn) and metalloid (As) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-OES) after microwave digestion, and the estimated daily intake (EDI) for adults was assessed to determine the hazard quotient (HQ). The concentrations of Al, Cr, Cu, and Fe in raw meats were below the data obtained in other countries. The concentration of As (0.17 ± 0.42–0.23 ± 0.10 mg/kg), Mg (206.77 ± 3.99–291.95 ± 8.87 mg/kg), V (0.42 ± 0.14–6.66 ± 0.80 mg/kg), and Zn (6.66 ± 0.80–48.13 ± 0.56 mg/kg) in raw meats exceeded the values in the literature. The concentrations of Mg, As, Cr, Fe, V, and Zn are high when the meat is roasted using wood. All levels of Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, V, and Zn in raw meats are lower than those of meat roasted with coal and wood. The content of As in meat roasted with Chromed Copper Arsenate (CCA) wood (15.10 ± 0.27–26.25 ± 1.47 mg/kg) is higher than meat roasted with charcoal (0.46 ± 0.09–1.16 ± 0.50 mg/kg). EDI and HQ values revealed a minimal exposure of the adult population to those metals through roasted-meats consumption. However, EDI values of As in some roasted meats are above standard limits. Roast meats with wood showed higher levels of major and trace elements than meats roasted with coal. High exposures, in the long-term, may cause damage to health.

show abstract

“…The increase of the presence of heavy metals in soils and food is matched by the increase of studies of the consequences of their impact on human health [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Content of Toxic Metals in Agricultural Produce near a Coal Mine: Case Study KCB in Lazarevac, Serbia

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The monitoring and analysis of concentrations of toxic metals (lead and cadmium) in soils and crops indicate that farmland in Serbia is generally not polluted, and the quality of soils is naturally good. Such soils are therefore suitable for organic farming. All noted instances of contamination by toxic metals are of a local nature only, and the result of fertilizers and pesticides, municipal waste, exhaust gases, nearby production facilities, smelting plants, mines, tailings ponds, etc. Locations of this type need to be monitored regularly, and the status of the soil and crops assessed. The results presented in this paper place special emphasis on lead and cadmium. In this regard, the sampling of 67 plant foodstuffs that are being grown in Baroševac village, located in the immediate vicinity of the Kolubara coal mine, was carried out. Fruit samples represented 14.9% and vegetable samples 85.1% of the total sample. The heavy metal content (lead/cadmium) in seven samples was above the limits prescribed by the Regulations. Overall exposure of the adult population of Baroševac, calculated on the basis of all samples (67 in total), was 0.89 µg lead per kg of body weight per week, representing only 3.5% provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), and 0.46 cadmium per kg of body weight, which amounts to 6.7% PTWI. Both values point to the fact that the risk is low, even in the case of populations with high exposure to these toxic metals. This suggests that sustainable development may be possible in the near future.

show abstract

Estimated Dietary Intakes of Toxic Elements from Four Staple Foods in Najran City, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Heavy metals in some date palm fruit cultivars in Saudi Arabia and their health risk assessment

Heavy metals in some date palm fruit cultivars in Saudi Arabia and their health risk assessment

Human Health Risk Assessment through Roasted Meats Consumption

The Content of Toxic Metals in Agricultural Produce near a Coal Mine: Case Study KCB in Lazarevac, Serbia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About