Estimates of body water, fat-free mass, and body fat in patients on peritoneal dialysis by anthropometric formulas

Tzamaloukas, Antonios H.; Murata, Glen H.; VanderJagt, Dorothy J.; Glew, Robert H.

doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00900.x

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…This result agree with previous studies showing that anthropometry and BIA prediction equations used for TBW and body composition have the tendency to be population-specific and that inappropriate used of published prediction equations can lead to systematic errors and inaccurate estimations [26,27]. In this regard, Tzamaloukas et al [28] showed that each anthropometric measurement included in anthropometric equations for the prediction of body composition estimate a unique body composition which is for the average subject of the population in whom the equations were developed, while Haroun et al [29] showed for the BIA model that variation of the relative body geometry between ethnic groups confound the relative distribution between weight and impedance among limb and trunk. However, apart from biological variations, errors in the measurements could also contribute to the bias between measured and predicted TBW by BIA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Validation of anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations to predict total body water in a group of Cameroonian preschool children using deuterium dilution method

Essa’a

Dimodi

Ntsama

et al. 2017

Nutrire

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Background: Little information is available on the validity of anthropometry or impedance-based equations for prediction of total body water (TBW) in African children. This study was designed to validate and develop equations to predict total body water in Cameroonian children. Methods: TBW was measured by deuterium dilution in 102 children between 24 and 60 months of age and compared with the ones predicted by 5 anthropometric and 7 BIA equations. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to develop prediction equations for TBW from anthropometric parameters. Results: Unacceptable discrepancies in the estimates of TBW at individual level were noted with all the equations tested. The following new anthropometry and BIA equations for the estimation of TBW were respectively developed: TBW = 6.488 + 0.434 × sex − 0.039 × age + 0.670 × weight − 0.081 × MUAC (cm) − 0.372 × BMI (adjusted R 2 = 0.71, RMSE = 3.6), and TBW = −6.206 + 0.0037 × height

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Validation of anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations to predict total body water in a group of Cameroonian preschool children using deuterium dilution method

Essa’a

Dimodi

Ntsama

et al. 2017

Nutrire

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show abstract

“…TBW was predicted equally well and without systematic deviations in obese and nonobese, tall and short, and North American and German children, as well as in randomly selected subsets of the cohort. Although the predictive power of the new equations was superior to previous anthropometric formulas that were derived in healthy children, it should be kept in mind that even with the optimized formula, the 95% confidence interval for TBW predictions is as high as Ϯ4.4 L. Because of the physiologic and pathologic variability of body composition and fluid balance outlined above, it may be impossible to reduce further this residual variance of estimation if only height and weight data are available (20,(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Anthropometric Prediction of Total Body Water in Children Who Are on Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis

Morgenstern

Wühl

Nair

et al. 2006

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Accurate estimation of total body water (TBW) is a critical component of dialysis prescription in peritoneal dialysis (PD).Gold-standard isotope dilution techniques are laborious and costly; therefore, anthropometric prediction equations that are based on height and weight are commonly used to estimate TBW. Equations have been established in healthy populations, but their validity is unclear in children who undergo PD, in whom altered states of hydration and other confounding alterations in normal physiology, particularly retarded growth and pubertal delay, may exist. TBW was measured by heavy water (H 2 O T he accurate determination of total body water (TBW) is a critical component of the dialysis prescription and measurement of the delivered dialysis dose. Urea kinetic modeling is a key underpinning to dialysis prescription. An estimate of the urea distribution space (V) is required to calculate normalized urea clearance, i.e., Kt/V (1) for patients who are on peritoneal dialysis (PD) using these models. The urea distribution space, V, is assumed to be the same as TBW. Accurate measurement of TBW requires sophisticated measurement techniques, such as isotope dilution measurements (2), which are costly and time-consuming and, hence, not suitable for routine clinical practice. TBW therefore usually is estimated from anthropometric measurements.The Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative PD adequacy guidelines recommend the use of the formulas of Mellits and Cheek (1) to estimate V in children who are on PD. These formulas are based on heavy water dilution studies that were performed in healthy children and estimate TBW using a child's height, weight, and gender (3). Recently, isotope dilution-derived TBW data that were obtained in healthy neonates and infants were added to the original data set of Mellits and Cheek, and a new set of anthropometric prediction equations were proposed (4). In these equations, a new anthropometric parameter height times weight (HtWt) that correlates linearly with TBW when both values are log-transformed was introduced (4). Estimates from the newer formulas are somewhat more accurate for infants but are still based on data that were obtained in healthy children.In the PD population, disorders of growth and body composition are common and superimposed on large variations of fluid status. Because direct measures of TBW in children who are on PD using the "gold standard" assays involving heavy water have not been reported in large cohorts of children (5,6), it is unknown whether the anthropometric prediction equations that have been established in healthy children hold true in this population. Hence, the objectives of this study were to (1) measure TBW in children incident to maintenance PD using heavy water, (2) develop and validate population-specific (i.e., children on PD) formulas to estimate TBW on the basis of

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“…Even at normal body weight, the margin of error of the anthropometric formulas estimating body water is in the order of a few liters. Used in subjects with substantial water deficits, these formulas systematically overestimate body water [61][62][63][64]. This was our reason for basing the estimates of body water on the normal euglycemic state in this report.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Principles of Quantitative Fluid and Cation Replacement in Extreme Hyperglycemia

Tzamaloukas¹,

Sun

Konstantinov³

et al. 2013

Cureus

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Estimates of body water, fat-free mass, and body fat in patients on peritoneal dialysis by anthropometric formulas

Cited by 15 publications

References 64 publications

Validation of anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations to predict total body water in a group of Cameroonian preschool children using deuterium dilution method

Validation of anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations to predict total body water in a group of Cameroonian preschool children using deuterium dilution method

Anthropometric Prediction of Total Body Water in Children Who Are on Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis

Principles of Quantitative Fluid and Cation Replacement in Extreme Hyperglycemia

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