Estimates of Genetic Parameters for Carcass Measures of Body Composition and Growth in Swine

Bereskin, B.; Steele, N. C.

doi:10.2527/jas1988.66102498x

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Growth rate was estimated to have a low to moderate unfavorable genetic correlation with scanned backfat thickness (Table 4) and a moderate unfavorable genetic correlation with carcass backfat thickness ( Table 5). Several studies (McPhee et al, 1979;Cleveland et al, 1982;Bereskin and Steele, 1988) have demonstrated an undesirable genetic relationship between growth rate and backfat thickness. The high genetic correlations between real-time ultrasonic measures of backfat and longissimus muscle area at the last rib and carcass measurement made a t the loth rib (Table 51, plus the moderate to high &AGE = days to 103.6 kg BW; ADG = average daily gain from 39.6 to 103.6 kg BW, grams; USBF = real-time ultrasonic backfat thickness at the last rib at 103.6 kg BW, millimeters; USLMA = real-time ultrasonic longissimus area at the last rib at 103.6 kg BW, square centimeters; LMA = longissimus muscle area at the 10th rib, square centimeters; BFTR = backfat at the 10th rib, millimeters; IMF = intramuscular fat, percentage of extractable lipid from the longissimus muscle; -.oo &AVBF = average of first rib, last rib, and last lumbar vertebra backfat measurements, millimeters; BFTR = backfat at the 10th rib, millimeters; LMA = longissimus muscle area at the 10th rib, square centimeters; IMF = intramuscular fat, percentage of extractable lipid from the longissimus muscle; PWAT = percentage of H20 in ground and mixed samples of longissimus muscle; FWAT = percentage of free water content of the muscle (high values indicate poor waterholding capacity); and SH = shear force, kilograms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analyses of growth, real-time ultrasound, carcass, and pork quality traits in Duroc and Landrace pigs: II. Heritabilities and correlations

McLaren

McKeith

et al. 1992

Journal of Animal Science

121

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Knowledge of the genetic control of pork quality traits and relationships among pork quality, growth, and carcass characteristics is required for American swine populations. Data from a 2 x 2 diallel mating system involving Landrace and Duroc pigs were used to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations among growth (ADG), real-time ultrasonic (US) measures of backfat thickness (BF) and longissimus muscle area (LMA), carcass characteristics, and various pork quality traits. Data were collected from 5,649 pigs, 960 carcasses, and 792 loin chops representing 65, 49, and 49 sires, respectively. Genetic parameters were estimated by REML assuming animal models. Heritability estimates were moderate to high for ADG, USBF, USLMA, carcass BF, and LMA, percentage of LM lipid (IMF), pork tenderness, and overall acceptability. Estimates were low to moderate for percentage of cooking loss, pH, shear force, percentage of LM water, water-holding capacity (WHC), pork flavor, and juiciness. Genetic correlations between US and carcass measures of BF and LMA indicate that selection based on US data will result in effective improvement in carcass characteristics. Selection for increased LMA and(or) decreased BF using US is, however, expected to result in decreased IMF and WHC, increased percentage of LM water and shear value, and in decreased juiciness, tenderness, and pork flavor. Average daily gain was favorably correlated with IMF and unfavorably correlated with shear force. Selection for increased ADG is expected to improve WHC but to decrease the percentage of LM water, with an associated decrease in juiciness. The results of this study suggest the feasibility of including meat quality in selection objectives to improve product quality. Favorable genetic correlations between IMF and eating quality traits suggest the possible merit of including IMF in the selection objective to improve, or restrict change in, pork eating quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analyses of growth, real-time ultrasound, carcass, and pork quality traits in Duroc and Landrace pigs: II. Heritabilities and correlations

McLaren

McKeith

et al. 1992

Journal of Animal Science

121

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“…Bereskin & Steele (1988) reported heritability estimates of 0.71 for swine carcass length and 0.31 for longissimus muscle area. Overall, only weak epistasis signals were detected in a few traits, suggesting that epistasis might not be very important in determining these kinds of traits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput analyses of epistasis for swine body dimensions and organ weights

et al. 2011

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High throughput analyses were performed to detect epistatic QTL in 17 body dimension and organ weight traits from a large F(2) pig population derived from a White Duroc and Erhualian intercross. The analyses used a nested test framework to handle multiple tests and a combined search algorithm to map epistatic QTL with empirical genome-wide thresholds derived via prior permutation. Alternative statistical models (e.g. including vs. excluding carcass weight as a covariate) were tested to develop an in-depth understanding of the role of epistasis in these kinds of traits. Epistasis signals were detected in only two or three traits under each statistical model studied. The interaction component of each pair of epistatic QTL explained a small proportion (0.7 to 2.1%) of the phenotypic variance in general. About half of the detected epistatic QTL pairs involved one of the two major QTL on porcine chromosomes 7 and 4. In those traits, the Erhualian allele consistently increased the phenotypes for the chromosome 7 QTL but decreased them for the chromosome 4 QTL. Models including carcass weight as covariate detected epistasis in body dimension traits whereas those excluding carcass weight found epistasis in organ weight traits. In addition, the epistasis results suggested that a QTL on chromosome 14 could be important for a number of organ weight traits. Using the high-throughput analysis tool to examine different statistical models was essential for the generation of a complete picture of epistasis in a whole category of traits.

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“…The vertebral number in pigs is generally associated with body size, which may affect meat productivity and reproductive performance. The length of the loin muscle is negatively correlated with the loin eye muscle area (EMA) and backfat thickness (BF) (Bereskin & Steele ; Stewart & Schinckel ; Hicks et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of swine vertnin (VRTN) gene with production traits in Duroc pigs improved using a closed nucleus breeding system

Hirose

Mikawa

Okumura³

et al. 2012

Animal Science Journal

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Vertnin (VRTN) is involved in the variation of vertebral number in pigs and it is located on Sus scrofa chromosome 7. Vertebral number is related to body size in pigs, and many reports have suggested presence of an association between body length (BL) and meat production traits. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between the VRTN genotype and the production and body composition traits in purebred Duroc pigs. Intramuscular fat content (IMF) in the Longissimus muscle was significantly associated with the VRTN genotype. The mean IMF of individuals with the wild-type genotype (Wt/Wt) (5.22%) was greater than that of individuals with the Wt/Q (4.99%) and Q/Q genotypes (4.79%). In addition, a best linear unbiased predictor of multiple traits animal model showed that the Wt allele had a positive effect on the IMF breeding value. No associations were observed between the VRTN genotype and other production traits. The VRTN genotype was related to BL. The Q/Q genotype individuals (100.0 cm) were longer than individuals with the Wt/Q (99.5 cm) and Wt/Wt genotypes (98.9 cm). These results suggest that in addition to the maintenance of an appropriate backfat thickness value, VRTN has the potential to act as a genetic marker of IMF.

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Estimates of Genetic Parameters for Carcass Measures of Body Composition and Growth in Swine

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic analyses of growth, real-time ultrasound, carcass, and pork quality traits in Duroc and Landrace pigs: II. Heritabilities and correlations

Genetic analyses of growth, real-time ultrasound, carcass, and pork quality traits in Duroc and Landrace pigs: II. Heritabilities and correlations

High throughput analyses of epistasis for swine body dimensions and organ weights

Association of swine vertnin (VRTN) gene with production traits in Duroc pigs improved using a closed nucleus breeding system

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