Estimates of Genetic Parameters in Bambara Groundnut {<i>Vigna subterranea</i> (L.) VERDC.}

Onwubiko, Nwakuche Chinenye; Uguru, M. I.; Chimdi, Grace Ovute

doi:10.9787/pbb.2019.7.4.295

“…The traits with intermediate heritability values also considered as the influence of environmental effects [ 97 ]. Onwubiko et al [ 98 ] and Jonah et al [ 99 ] estimate the genetic parameters in Bambara Groundnut with the similar findings of my research output. Besides, the traits with low heritability and genetic advance indicated that the estimated result because of non-additive provably (dominance and or epistasis) genes and/or effects of environment or combined effects of these dual factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Clustering Pattern Exploration of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) Accessions for the Perfection of Yield and Yield-Related Traits

Khan

¹

,

Rafii

²

,

Ramlee

³

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) is considered an emerging crop for the future and known as a crop for the new millennium. The core intention of this research work was to estimate the variation of landraces of Bambara groundnut considering their 14 qualitative and 27 numerical traits, to discover the best genotype fitted in Malaysia. The findings of the ANOVA observed a highly significant variation ( p ≤ 0.01 ) for all the traits evaluated. There was a substantial variation (7.27 to 41.21%) coefficient value, and 14 out of the 27 numerical traits noted coefficient of variation CV ≥ 20 % . Yield (kg/ha) disclosed positively strong to perfect high significant correlation ( r = 0.75 to 1.00; p ≤ 0.001 ) with traits like fresh pod weight, dry pod weight, and dry seed weight. The topmost PCV and GCV values were estimated for biomass dry (41.09%) and fresh (40.53%) weight with high heritability (Hb) and genetic advance (GA) Hb = 95.19 %, GA = 80.57 % and Hb = 98.52 %, GA = 82.86 %, respectively. The topmost heritability was recorded for fresh pod weight (99.89%) followed by yield (99.75%) with genetic advance 67.95% and 62.03%, respectively. The traits with Hb ≥ 60 % and G A ≥ 20 % suggested the least influenced by the environment as well as governed by the additive genes and direct selection for improvement of such traits can be beneficial. To estimate the genetic variability among accessions, the valuation of variance components, coefficients of variation, heritability, and genetic advance were calculated. To authenticate the genetic inequality, an unweighted pair group produced with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and principal component analysis was executed based on their measurable traits that could be a steadfast method for judging the degree of diversity. Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis, constructed five distinct clusters and 44 accessions from clusters II and IV consider an elite type of genotypes that produce more than one ton yield per hectare land with desirable traits. This study exposed an extensive disparity among the landraces and the evidence on genetic relatives will be imperative in using the existing germplasm for Bambara groundnut varietal improvement. Moreover, this finding will be beneficial for breeders to choose the desirable numerical traits of V. subterranea in their future breeding program.

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“…In the selection processes, these characteristics were essential, with little influence from the setting. Similar findings on assessments of genetic parameters in Bambara groundnut, variability in pod yield characteristics, and estimates of heritability in some Bambara groundnut cultivars were also reported for most of the characteristics by [7,13,17]. This is consistent with previous heritability research, which found that characteristic improvement selection is influenced not only by accessible genetic variation but also by the degree of heritability [5,17].…”

Section: Genetic Variability Heritability and Genetic Advance As The Criteria For Morphological Trait Selection In Bambara Groundnutsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Among the lines, the mean values for the total small-seed weight trait (TSSW) ranged from 17.54 g to 2.72 g. Genotype G5MR1P1 showed the highest total small-seed weight (17.54 g), while G3SR1P3 registered the lowest total small-seed weight (2.72 g) (Table 5). Onwubiku et al [13] observed a highly significant difference between the grain yield and yield-related traits such as the number of seeds per plant, yield per plant and hundred-seed weight, signifying high genetic variation among these characteristics. For the hundred-seed weight, G5LR1P3 had the highest 100-seed weight (121.26 g), while the lowest value was observed in G3SR1P1 (56.13 g), which was statistically similar to the most of other lines (Table 5).…”

Section: Morphological and Yield Component Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Analysis and Selection Criteria in Bambara Groundnut Accessions Based Yield Performance

Khaliqi

¹

,

Rafii

²

,

Mazlan

³

et al. 2021

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The knowledge of genetic variability and breeding techniques is crucial in crop improvement programs. This information is especially important in underutilized crops such as Bambara groundnut, which have limited breeding systems and genetic diversity information. Hence, this study evaluated the genetic variability and established the relationship between the yield and its components in Bambara groundnut based on seed weight using multivariate analysis. A field trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications on 28 lines. Data were collected on 12 agro-morphological traits, and a statistical analysis was conducted using SAS version 9.4 software, while the variance component, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient variation, heritability, and genetic advance values were estimated. A cluster analysis was performed using NT-SYS software to estimate the genetic relations among the accessions. The results showed significant variability among the accessions based on the yield and yield component characteristics. The evaluated lines were grouped into seven primary clusters based on the assessed traits using the UPGMA dendrogram. Based on the overall results, G5LR1P3, G1LR1P3, G4LR1P1, G2SR1P1 and G3SR1P4 performed the best for the yield and yield components. These improved lines are recommended for large-scale evaluation and utilization in future breeding programs to develop high-yield Bambara groundnut varieties.

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“…Direct selection can be effective considering the traits having low relative differences [72]. Considering the heritability and genetic advance index [37,38] like as more than 60% for high, 30-60% for moderate, and 0-30% for low, we found the traits BFW (Hb = 97.68% GA = 88.82%), BDW(Hb = 89.91% GA = 106.66%), FPW (Hb = 99.55% GA = 93.54%), DPW(Hb = 98.10% GA = 113.94%), DSW (Hb = 98.42% GA = 122.01%) and yield (Hb = 98.10% GA = 113.94%) were highly heritable together with high genetic advance value, recommended that for crop improvement direct selection can be effective based on these traits with effect of additive genes; similar findings documented by the previous researchers [65,73]. Low to moderate heritability and genetic advance values may hindrance in the trait's betterment due to high environmental effects over the genetic effects on its stated by Ridzuan [74].…”

Section: Genetic Componentssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The clustering and characterization of accessions considering their agro-morphological traits and genetic similarity would be the crucial issue to identification and selection of the best parents for hybridisation [82]. Additionally, cluster IV produced 70.05% higher mean yield than the average grand mean yield of 1180 kgha -1 while the other groups gave lower yield and this finding were supported by Onwubiko et al [73]. Therefore, current research represents significant information to the plant breeders based on their similarity and grouping of accessions through univariate and multivariate methods.…”

Section: Clustering Patternsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Genetic Inconsistency Assessment and Selection Criteria of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.Verdc.) Landraces for High Yield Revealed by Qualitative and Quantitative traits

Khan

¹

,

Rafii

²

,

Ramlee

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

1

0

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As a crop for the new millennium Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) considered as leading legumes in the tropical regions due to its versatile advantages. The main intent of this study was to find out the high yielding potential genotypes and considering these genotypes to develop pure lines for commercial cultivation in Malaysia. Considering the 14 qualitative and 27 quantitative traits of fifteen landraces the variation and genetic parameters namely, variability, heritability, genetic advance, characters association, and cluster matrix were determined. ANOVA revealed significant variation for all the agronomic traits (except plant height). Among the accessions, highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) were found for almost all the traits excluding fifty percent flowering date, seed length, seed width. The 16 traits out of the 27 quantitative traits had a coefficient of variation (CV) ≥ 20%. A positive and intermediate to perfect highly significant association (r = 0.23 to 1.00; P < 0.00) was found between yield and its related traits. The trait dry seed weight per plant (g) had the highest GCV = 59.91% and PCV = 59.57% whereas the trait fresh pod weight (99.55%), dry seed weight (98.86%), and yield (98.10%) were highly heritable. The genetic advance recorded the highest for dry seed weight (122.01%) and lowest (3.97%) for plant height. To validate the genetic disparity, an unweighted pair-group produce with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), principal component analysis (PCA), and Hˊ-index was performed considering 27 quantitative traits. The constructed dendrogram showed five distinct groups of accessions. Genotypes G2, G3, and G9 from Group IV consider as promising lines which gave 70.05% higher mean yield compared to grand mean yield (1180 kg ha-1) with desirable traits. Group II had a maximum number of accessions while group III and group V had one of each. However, findings declared that the availability of genetic variance will be beneficial for this crop improvement and plant breeders to prefer desirable traits in V. subterranea L. Verdc. for further breeding purposes.

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Estimates of Genetic Parameters in Bambara Groundnut {Vigna subterranea (L.) VERDC.}

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Clustering Pattern Exploration of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) Accessions for the Perfection of Yield and Yield-Related Traits

Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Clustering Pattern Exploration of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) Accessions for the Perfection of Yield and Yield-Related Traits

Genetic Analysis and Selection Criteria in Bambara Groundnut Accessions Based Yield Performance

Genetic Inconsistency Assessment and Selection Criteria of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.Verdc.) Landraces for High Yield Revealed by Qualitative and Quantitative traits

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