Estimates of glomerular filtration rate from MR renography and tracer kinetic models

Abstract

Purpose: To compare six methods for calculating the single-kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance (MR) renography (MRR) against reference radionuclide measurements. Materials and Methods:In 10 patients, GFR was determined using six published methods: the Baumann-Rudin model (BR), the Patlak-Rutland method (PR), the two-compartment model without bolus dispersion (2C) and with dispersion (2CD), the three-compartment model (3CD), and the distributed parameter model (3C-IRF). Reference single-kidney GFRs were measured by radionuclide renography. The coefficient of variation of GFR (CV) was determined for each method by Monte Carlo analyses for one healthy and one dysfunctional kidney at a noise level ( n ) of 2%, 5%, and 10%.Results: GFR estimates in patients varied from 6% overestimation (BR) to 50% underestimation (PR and 2CD applied to cortical data). Correlations with reference GFRs ranged from R ϭ 0.74 (2CD, cortical data) to R ϭ 0.85 (BR). In simulations, the lowest CV was produced by 3C-IRF in healthy kidney (1.7 n ) and by PR in diseased kidney ((2.2-2.4) n ). In both kidneys the highest CV was obtained with 2CD ((5.9 -8.2) n ) and with 3CD in diseased kidney (8.9 n at n ϭ 10%).Conclusion: GFR estimates depend on the renal model and type of data used. Two-and three-compartment models produce comparable GFR correlations.

Comparison of Gd‐DTPA and Gd‐BOPTA for studying renal perfusion and filtration

“…The order of magnitude agrees with that expected on the basis of theoretical considerations (40%, Eq. [9]), but the mean value is lower than expected. In view of the high precision with which tubular flow differences are detected in this study (SD 7.2%, 2SD 14.4%; Table 4), the deviation between theory and measurement (40-33 ¼ 7%) cannot be attributed to random measurement error.…”

“…Low molecular weight gadolinium chelates have a predominantly renal elimination by glomerular filtration without any tubular secretion or reabsorption (7). These substances have similar pharmacokinetics as tracers like inulin, EDTA, or iodinated contrast agents, and therefore allow for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) assessment with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). One potentially confounding factor is the interaction of the contrast agent and serum proteins.…”

A renal vascular compartment segmentation method based on dynamic contrast-enhanced images

“…(2), b(t) denotes the concentration in vascular space. However, some researches [30][31][32][33][34] used the concentration in abdominal aorta to replace b(t), which obviously brings a big influence on calculating the parameters [19]. Some papers used coronal plane sampling [7,25] and postprocessing corrections and population-averaged AIF curves [35].…”

“…The reference GFR was obtained from 99mTc-DTPA renal scintigraphy [10,19,20]. All subjects underwent 99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy first and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) dynamic contrastenhanced MR examinations afterwards.…”

Clinical Functional MRI of the kidneys

“…Bokacheva et al [51] recently compared six frequently applied compartment models. It has been reported that GFR calculation is strongly influenced by the applied model (e.g., two or three compartments) and the definition of the ROI (whole kidney parenchyma or solely renal cortex).…”