“…Over the past decade, many researchers have analysed the government spending -economic growth nexus (Macek, 2014;Gemmell et al, 2016;Afonso & Alves, 2017;Malcolm, 2017;Dudzevičiūtė & Giedraitytė, 2017;Laboure & Taugourdeau, 2018;Chen et al, 2020;Mokoena et al, 2020;Kutasi & Marton, 2020;Wahyudi, 2020;Raghupathi & Raghupathi, 2020;Popescu & Diacomu (Maxim), 2021;Ugochukwu & Oruta, 2021) and revealed mixed results. Some expenditures that are considered productive in advanced countries may be unproductive in developing countries, and vice versa (Awuh, 2018).…”