Estimating Controller Intervention Probabilities for Optimized Profile Descent Arrivals

Meyn, Larry A.; Erzberger, Heinz; Huynh, Phu V.

doi:10.2514/6.2011-6802

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As with previous studies into CDA (Errico and Di Vito, 2017;Murdoch et al, 2009), the systematic introduction of CCO means that: (1) ATC should avoid acting on CCO and (2) CCO will fly vertical profiles that are different to current (standard) departures (Mitchell et al, 2012;Torres et al, 2011). This second point means that new conflicts may arise while others will disappear (Lehouillier et al, 2017;Meyn et al, 2011;Mitchell et al, 2012;Vilardaga and Prats, 2014). The reason for this is that currently, departures are prevented from climbing to a specific Flight Level (FL) unless ATC issues a clearance.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 72%

Impact of continuous climb operations on airport capacity

Pérez–Castán

Comendador

Rodríguez–Sanz

et al. 2018

Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

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The full benefits of Continuous Climb Operations (CCO) are realised when CCO are performed without interruption. However, CCO require safe departures that necessarily implies a reduction in capacity at high density traffic airports. This paper quantifies the capacity impact due to the integration of CCO (conflict-free with other departures and arrivals) in a high density traffic airport. The methodology develops a scheduling algorithm, a conflict-detection and resolution algorithm, and Monte Carlo simulations. The scheduling algorithm calculates two schedules, one for departures and another for arrivals, considering the CCO Rate. The conflict-detection and resolution algorithm compares CCO and arrival trajectories to detect which aircraft pairs are in conflict. The Air Traffic Control (ATC) intervention required to solve the conflict is modelled by delaying the CCO takeoff. Numerical simulations based on Monte Carlo techniques are used to analyse scheduling combinations that are statistically significant in terms of conflict, ATC interventions, total delay and capacity. The results show a 32% reduction in the maximum theoretical capacity with a CCO Rate of 100%. Despite the reduction, the number of CCO departures is above the maximum operational capacity (50% of the maximum theoretical capacity). This implies that with optimised scheduling it is possible for all departures to be CCO.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 72%

Impact of continuous climb operations on airport capacity

Pérez–Castán

Comendador

Rodríguez–Sanz

et al. 2018

Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

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“…Different authors confirmed that automation help ATC to deal with the introduction of new procedures based on optimised trajectories. 22,23 In this way, automation must address: (1) Compatibility with new operational concepts; (2) Capacity to favour the operation of optimised trajectories; and (3) Balance or improvement of safety levels. As previously stated, CCO trajectories may imply a modification of the current vertical profiles due to the avoidance of segregation requirements and, therefore, conflicts between CCOs and arrivals may arise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a conflict-detection air traffic control tool for the implementation of continuous climb operations: A case study at Palma TMA

Pérez–Castán

Comendador

Rodríguez–Sanz

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Continuous climb operation is an operational concept that allows airlines to perform an optimal departing trajectory avoiding air traffic control segregation requirements. This concept implies the design and integration of air traffic flows for the sake of safety performance. This paper designs a new conflict-detection air traffic control tool based on the blocking-area concept, characterises the conflict probability between air traffic flows and assesses the impact of continuous climb operation integration in a terminal manoeuvring area. In this paper, a conflict is set out by the infringement of vertical and longitudinal separation minima and coincides with the probability of air traffic control tool usage. Moreover, this research discusses two different approaches for the conflict-detection air traffic control tool: a static approach considering nominal continuous climb operations and landing trajectories, and a dynamic approach that assesses 105 continuous climb operations and landing trajectories. Finally, the air traffic control tool is implemented using Palma TMA data and proves that out of 11 intersections (between departing and landing routes), solely 4 generate vertical separation infringements. The conflict probability between continuous climb operations and arrivals is less than 10−5. Except for one intersection, that is roughly 10−2, similar to current air traffic control intervention designed levels. Therefore, results conclude the viability of the conflict-detection air traffic control tool and continuous climb operations integration.

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“…2) The variability associated with climbing profiles can imply the appearance/disappearance of a high number of conflicts between CCO and arrival flows [62], [71], [72]. Thus, the impact of path uncertainties is crucial to assess the safety problem.…”

Section: Overview Of Eco-friendly and Cco Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of continuous climb operations in a high traffic density TMA = Impacto en la capacidad operativa de un TMA de alta densidad por la integración de operaciones de ascenso continuo

Castán¹,

Alberto²

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Air transport is currently undergoing one of the biggest transformations in its history due to the development of the macro-programs SESAR and NextGen. To manage this growth, SESAR and NextGen are developing novel procedures that contribute to pollutant reduction in the vicinity of airports. These eco-friendly procedures are based on continuous operations throughout the flight. However, it is increasingly difficult to use flight-optimal trajectories due to the ongoing growth in air traffic. This dissertation aims to assess the impact of Continuous Climb Operations (CCOs) in a high traffic density Terminal Control Area (TMA). CCOs are new optimal departing trajectories that minimise fuel consumption, emissions and noise-levels within the vicinity of airports. In contrast to previous research, this dissertation does not focus on the optimisation techniques of these procedures but the impact in terms of safety and capacity. The reason is that the introduction of CCOs in low-density airports does not mean any impediment. However, these procedures can be prevented from their use during rush hours in high-density TMAs. The ultimate goal of the CCO integration is to permit the operation of optimised trajectories by airlines. Nonetheless, the variability associated with optimised trajectories that can be operated is very large. Airspace and procedure design, as well as Air Traffic Control (ATC), must provide an air transport system that favour the integration of CCOs. A CCO is not removed by the ATC interaction, but the aircraft worsen their performances. Then, ATC should focus on facilitating the operation of optimised trajectories free of their interactions. This cannot be achieved without the modification of current ATC techniques and airspace design. Therefore, new runway separation minima are calculated for consecutive CCOs. These CCO separation minima ensure a conflict-free departure

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Estimating Controller Intervention Probabilities for Optimized Profile Descent Arrivals

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Impact of continuous climb operations on airport capacity

Impact of continuous climb operations on airport capacity

Design of a conflict-detection air traffic control tool for the implementation of continuous climb operations: A case study at Palma TMA

Impact of continuous climb operations in a high traffic density TMA = Impacto en la capacidad operativa de un TMA de alta densidad por la integración de operaciones de ascenso continuo

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