Estimating effective rates of convective mixing from commercial-scale injection

Mykkeltvedt, Trine Solberg; Nordbotten, Jan Martin

doi:10.1007/s12665-012-1674-3

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[], who showed that at the Sleipner site geochemical changes to reservoir parameers such as porosity and permeability are unimportant. Mykkeltvedt and Nordbotten [] and Cavanagh [] simulated dissolution of CO 2 into the brine, with the former using an enhanced vertical equilibrium model that includes capillary trapping and dissolution [see Gasda et al ., ] and the latter using a standard simulator. Both show significant dissolution rates, with Mykkeltvedt and Nordbotten [] showing that the theoretical effective convective mixing rates are consistent with the gravity measurements by Alnes et al .…”

Section: Practical Models and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mykkeltvedt and Nordbotten [] and Cavanagh [] simulated dissolution of CO 2 into the brine, with the former using an enhanced vertical equilibrium model that includes capillary trapping and dissolution [see Gasda et al ., ] and the latter using a standard simulator. Both show significant dissolution rates, with Mykkeltvedt and Nordbotten [] showing that the theoretical effective convective mixing rates are consistent with the gravity measurements by Alnes et al . [] which indicate an upscaled dissolution rate of up to 1.8% per year, while Cavanagh [] simulated around 10% dissolved mass after 12 years of injection.…”

Section: Practical Models and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Status of CO₂storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

et al. 2015

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Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is the only viable technology to mitigate carbon emissions while allowing continued large-scale use of fossil fuels. The storage part of CCS involves injection of carbon dioxide, captured from large stationary sources, into deep geological formations. Deep saline aquifers have the largest identified storage potential, with estimated storage capacity sufficient to store emissions from large stationary sources for at least a century. This makes CCS a potentially important bridging technology in the transition to carbon-free energy sources. Injection of CO 2 into deep saline aquifers leads to a multicomponent, multiphase flow system, in which geomechanics, geochemistry, and nonisothermal effects may be important. While the general system can be highly complex and involve many coupled, nonlinear partial differential equations, the underlying physics can sometimes lead to important simplifications. For example, the large density difference between injected CO 2 and brine may lead to relatively fast buoyant segregation, making an assumption of vertical equilibrium reasonable. Such simplifying assumptions lead to a range of simplified governing equations whose solutions have provided significant practical insights into system behavior, including improved estimates of storage capacity, easy-to-compute estimates of CO 2 spatial migration and pressure response, and quantitative estimates of leakage risk. When these modeling studies are coupled with observations from well-characterized injection operations, understanding of the overall system behavior is enhanced significantly. This improved understanding shows that, while economic and policy challenges remain, CO 2 storage in deep saline aquifers appears to be a viable technology and can contribute substantially to climate change solutions.

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Section: Practical Models and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Practical Models and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of CO₂storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

et al. 2015

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“…Early studies focused on VE models with a sharpinterface assumption [24][25][26], and models that only account for the basic effects of buoyant migration were successfully used to simulate long-term migration in the Utsira [27] and Johansen [28] aquifers. Later, the class of VE models has been extended to incorporate most of the flow effects that are pertinent to large-scale migration, including compressibility [29], convective dissolution [30,31], capillary fringe [32], small-scale caprock topography variations [33][34][35], various hysteretic effects [36][37][38], multiple geological layers [39,40], and heat transfer [41]. In particular, several studies show that vertical equilibrium simulations compare well with 3D simulators on case studies of the Johansen aquifer [42] and the 9 th layer of the Sleipner injection [27,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust simulation of sharp-interface models for fast estimation of CO2 trapping capacity in large-scale aquifer systems

2015

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Modeling geological carbon storage represents a new and substantial challenge for the subsurface geosciences. To increase understanding and make good engineering decisions, containment processes and large-scale storage operations must be simulated in a thousand-year perspective. Large differences in spatial and temporal scales make it prohibitively expensive to compute the fate of injected CO 2 using traditional 3D simulators. Instead, accurate forecast can be computed using simplified models that are adapted to the specific setting of the bouyancy-driven migration of the light fluid phase. This paper presents a family of vertically integrated models for studying the combined large-scale and long-term effects of structural, residual, and solubility trapping of CO 2 . The models are based on an assumption of a sharp interface separating CO 2 and brine and can provide a detailed inventory of the injected CO 2 volumes over periods of thousands of years within reasonable computational time. To be compatible with simulation tools used in industry, the models are formulated in a black-oil framework. The models are implemented in MRST-co2lab, which is an open community

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“…Similarly, it is essential that efforts continue to incorporate fundamental insights into field-scale modelling (e.g. Mykkeltvedt & Nordbotten 2012), and to benchmark models such as Hewitt et al's against field observations. Nevertheless, the encouraging agreement between detailed numerical simulations and the box-model predictions illustrates the ability of physically informed asymptotic descriptions to capture the behaviour of such complex flows.…”

Section: Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sinking inside the box

Pritchard

2013

J. Fluid Mech.

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Convection in a closed porous domain is a temporally and spatially complex flow which evolves over long time scales as the driving buoyancy contrasts are eliminated by mixing. In a contribution that combines numerical, experimental and asymptotic approaches, Hewitt, Neufeld & Lister (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 719, 2013, pp. 551–586) demonstrate that the essential dynamics can be captured by simple ‘box’ models, both when the buoyancy supply is imposed at the upper boundary and when the domain contains a moving interface between different fluids. This work provides insights into the dynamics and viability of schemes for the geological sequestration of CO2

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Estimating effective rates of convective mixing from commercial-scale injection

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Status of CO₂storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

Status of CO₂storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

Robust simulation of sharp-interface models for fast estimation of CO2 trapping capacity in large-scale aquifer systems

Sinking inside the box

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Estimating effective rates of convective mixing from commercial-scale injection

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Status of CO2storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

Status of CO2storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

Robust simulation of sharp-interface models for fast estimation of CO2 trapping capacity in large-scale aquifer systems

Sinking inside the box

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Status of CO₂storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations

Status of CO₂storage in deep saline aquifers with emphasis on modeling approaches and practical simulations