Estimating epikarst water storage by time-lapse surface-to-depth gravity measurements

Champollion, Cédric; Deville, Sabrina; Chéry, Jean; Doerflinger, E.; Moigne, Nicolas Le; Bayer, R.; Vernant, Philippe; Mazzilli, Naomi

doi:10.5194/hess-22-3825-2018

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…I wonder also whether flow measurements of springs or a river are available which could be a proxy for the underground storage system, also if tens of km distant from the gravity campaign site. The geodetic observations of gravity (Champollion et al, 2018;Van Camp et al 2006) and of tilt (Grillo et al 2018, Tenze et al 2012, Devoti et al 2015 in different karstic areas showed good correlation to rainfall, springs and river, as these last drain the karstic storage and thus are a proxy for the hydrologic mass variations. Since the hydrologic mass variation is crucial in the estimate of the anticipated subsoil erosion, this point could be investigated further in the manuscript.…”

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confidence: 94%

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Braitenberg¹

2018

Preprint

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The working hypothesis of this fine example of repeated gravity measurements is, that the mass loss accompanying the formation of cavities is measurable. The measurement campaign is carried out over four years (2014-2018) in a karst area in Germany affected by the formation of sinkholes and active ground subsidence. These bear a hazard to the buildings and infrastructure, as suddenly the roof of the cavities can collapse creating a hole of many meters depth and bringing down buildings or streets located above the cave. The subsidence is documented by a precise repeat levelling C1

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confidence: 94%

Short Review

Braitenberg¹

2018

Preprint

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“…These techniques have also been successfully applied in karst environments (e.g. Jacob et al, 2009;Fores et al, 2014;Champollion et al, 2018;Mouyen et al, 2019;Watlet et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological signals in tilt and gravity residuals at Conrad Observatory (Austria)

Meurers

Papp

Ruotsalainen

et al. 2021

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The superconducting gravimeter (SG) GWR C025 has monitored the time variation in gravity at the Conrad Observatory (Austria) since autumn 2007. Two tiltmeters have operated continuously since spring 2016, namely a 5.5 m long interferometric water level tiltmeter and a Lippmann-type 2D pendulum tilt sensor. The co-located and co-oriented set up enables a wide range of investigations because the tilts are sensitive to both geometrical solid Earth deformations and to gravity potential changes. The tide-free residuals of the SG and both tiltmeters clearly reflect the gravity and/or deformation effects associated with short- and long-term environmental processes and reveal a complex water transport process at the observatory site. Water accumulation on the terrain surface causes short-term (a few hours) effects which are clearly imaged by the SG gravity and N–S tilt residuals. Long-term (> a few days/weeks) tilt and gravity variations occur frequently after long-lasting rain, heavy rain or rapid snowmelt. Gravity and tilt residuals are associated with the same hydrological process but have different physical causes. SG gravity residuals reveal the gravitational effect of water mass transport, while modelling results exclude a purely gravitational source of the observed tilts. Tilt residuals show the response on surface loading instead. Tilts can be strongly affected by strain–tilt coupling (cavity effect). N–S tilt signals are much stronger than those of the E–W component, which is most probably due to the cavity effect of the 144 m long tunnel being oriented in an E–W direction.

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“…Water in the shallow subsurface is subject to evapotranspiration. If there is soil, it can play an important role in infiltration velocity and mixing processes (Charlier et al, 2012;Perrin et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, the antecedent moisture conditions influence the storage capacity of water and infiltration rate. Under dry conditions, a larger portion of water can be stored, but subsurface flows are less important than under wet antecedent conditions (Charlier et al, 2012;Fu et al, 2015;Trček, 2007). Finally, vegetation and climate influence karst recharge processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A soil moisture monitoring network to characterize karstic recharge and evapotranspiration at five representative sites across the globe

Berthelin

Rinderer

Andreo

et al. 2020

Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst.

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Abstract. Karst systems are characterized by a high subsurface heterogeneity, and their complex recharge processes are difficult to characterize. Experimental methods to study karst systems mostly focus on analysing the entire aquifer. Despite their important role in recharge processes, the soil and epikarst receive limited attention, and the few available studies were performed at sites of similar latitudes. In this paper, we describe a new monitoring network that allows for the improvement of the understanding of soil and epikarst processes by including different karst systems with different land-cover types in different climate regions. Here, we present preliminary data form the network and elaborate on their potential to answer research questions about the role of soil and epikarst on karstic water flow and storage. The network measures soil moisture at multiple points and depths to understand the partitioning of rainfall into infiltration, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge processes. We installed soil moisture probes at five different climate regions: Puerto Rico (tropical), Spain (Mediterranean), the United Kingdom (humid oceanic), Germany (humid mountainous), and Australia (dry semi-arid). At each of the five sites, we defined two 20 m×20 m plots with different land-use types (forest and grassland). At each plot, 15 soil moisture profiles were randomly selected and probes at different depths from the topsoil to the epikarst (in total over 400 soil moisture probes) were installed. Covering the spatio-temporal variability of flow processes through a large number of profiles, our monitoring network will allow researchers to develop a new conceptual understanding of evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge processes in karst regions across different climate regions and land-use types, and this will provide the base for quantitative assessment with physically based modelling approaches in the future.

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Estimating epikarst water storage by time-lapse surface-to-depth gravity measurements

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Short Review

Short Review

Hydrological signals in tilt and gravity residuals at Conrad Observatory (Austria)

A soil moisture monitoring network to characterize karstic recharge and evapotranspiration at five representative sites across the globe

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