Estimating genetic diversity among durum wheat (Triticum durum desf.) landraces using morphological and SRAP markers

Almarri, Naser B.; Alghamdi, Salem S.; ElShal, Mohamed H.; Afzal, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.jssas.2023.01.002

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the present study, SSR markers demonstrated considerable levels of genetic diversity among the evaluated parental durum genotypes. Likewise, Eujayl et al [47]; Maccaferri et al [48]; Dagnaw et al [46]; Marzario et al [49]; Dukamo et al [50]; and Almarri et al [51] demonstrated that genetic diversity among assessed genotypes could be employed in breeding programs of durum wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions

Galal,

Safhi,

El-Hity

et al. 2023

Life

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Water deficit poses significant environmental stress that adversely affects the growth and productivity of durum wheat. Moreover, projections of climate change suggest an increase in the frequency and severity of droughts, particularly in arid regions. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop drought-tolerant and high-yielding genotypes to ensure sustained production and global food security in response to population growth. This study aimed to explore the genetic diversity among local and exotic durum wheat genotypes using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and, additionally, to explore the combining ability and agronomic performance of assessed durum wheat genotypes and their 28 F1 crosses under normal and drought stress conditions. The investigated SSRs highlighted and confirmed the high genetic variation among the evaluated parental durum wheat genotypes. These diverse eight parental genotypes were consequently used to develop 28 F1s through a diallel mating design. The parental durum genotypes and their developed 28 F1s were assessed under normal and drought stress conditions. The evaluated genotypes were analyzed for their general and specific combining abilities as well as heterosis for agronomic traits under both conditions. The local cultivar Bani-Suef-7 (P8) is maintained as an effective combiner for developing shortened genotypes and improving earliness. Moreover, the local cultivars Bani-Suef-5 (P7) and Bani-Suef-7 (P8) along with the exotic line W1520 (P6) demonstrated excellent general combining ability for improving grain yield and its components under drought stress conditions. Furthermore, valuable specific hybrid combinations, W988 × W994 (P1 × P2), W996 × W1518 (P3 × P5), W1011 × W1520 (P4 × P6), and Bani-Suef-5 × Bani-Suef-7 (P7 × P8), were identified for grain yield and its components under drought stress conditions. The assessed 36 genotypes were grouped according to tolerance indices into five clusters varying from highly drought-sensitive genotypes (group E) to highly drought-tolerant (group A). The genotypes in cluster A (two crosses) followed by thirteen crosses in cluster B displayed higher drought tolerance compared to the other crosses and their parental genotypes. Subsequently, these hybrids could be considered valuable candidates in future durum wheat breeding programs to develop desired segregants under water-deficit conditions. Strong positive relationships were observed between grain yield and number of grains per spike, plant height, and 1000-grain weight under water-deficit conditions. These results highlight the significance of these traits for indirect selection under drought stress conditions, particularly in the early stages of breeding, owing to their convenient measurability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions

Galal,

Safhi,

El-Hity

et al. 2023

Life

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“…Significantly higher coefficients have a stronger discriminatory effect on varieties. Although there are no definitive rules or conventional tests to determine the appropriate number of components and the cut-off limit for coefficients, some scholars use criteria such as: eigenvalue > 1, variance contribution > 4%, or coefficients > 0.30, to discriminate among varieties (Sanni et al 2012, Sharma et al 2014, Sahu et al 2021, Han et al 2022, Almarri et al 2023, Khan et al 2023. Based on these criteria, six components were selected as discriminating components for the varieties, which together accounted for 84.1% of the total variation (Table 2)…”

Section: Sabran Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Structure and Diversity of Southeast Asian Rice Varieties

Sabran,

Lestari,

Utami

et al. 2023

Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol.

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This study assessed the structure and genetic diversity of rice populations of Southeast Asian varieties, based on quantitative morphological and molecular traits. Population structure analysis revealed four distinct populations as ancestral origin of the varieties in the collection. Some traditional varieties from different countries share the same ancestry, while on the other hand, admixture was observed in the ancestry of some varieties. High diversity in quantitative morphological traits was confirmed in the rice collection. Spikelet fertility and plant height contributed significantly to the diversity.

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“…Glaucosity and anthocyanin in plants were considered valuable in plant growth responses. In durum wheat, Almarri et al (2023) reported the significant contribution of plant glaucosity traits and coleoptile anthocyanin colorations. In this study, the traits were found to indicate considerable variability estimates.…”

Section: Proportion Of Morphological Types Observed and Estimates Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characteristics and variability of traditional starch forming coix (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen) populations from Mindanao Island, Philippines

BON,

ANTESCO,

ENICOLA

2023

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Bon SG, Antesco GP, Enicola EE. 2023. Morphological characteristics and variability of traditional starch forming coix (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen populations from Mindanao Island, Philippines. Biodiversitas 24: 4382-4391. Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Rom.Caill.) Stapf) is an underutilized crop in the Philippines with high potential. Characterization and elucidation of the available variability among the local adlay populations are essential information for its improvement and better utilization. The study aimed to characterize the qualitative morphological traits of 34 traditional adlay populations from Mindanao Provinces and assess diversity by the Shannon Index and similarity by multivariate clustering. Results showed that all populations shared the same morphotypes in five descriptors but were variable for the rest. Six populations showed intense leaf anthocyanin coloration, and 23 expressed upright growth habits. Three types of leaf blade colors were observed, while the intensity of anthocyanin coloration of culms was expressed in four types. Most populations had semi-pubescent or highly pubescent leaves, generally intermediate leaf orientation and non-glaucous leaves. Immature grains were generally light green but expressed four color types at maturity, mostly circular with furrows on the surface. Diversity Indices (H') ranged from low to high. Leaf blade pubescence, anthocyanin coloration of culm, and mature grain color had high H' values. Cluster analysis showed that the variability was narrow, where overall clustering achieved 0.50 similarity. At 0.65 similarity, three groups can be derived with three populations as outliers. Clustering can be attributed to the differences in seedling color, anthocyanin coloration, plant growth habit, immature grain color, mature grain color, and shape. The study established the morphological description of the qualitative traits of traditional Philippine adlay and assessed diversity to be generally intermediate, where populations can be clustered into subgroups according to the degree of morphotype similarities. Clustering, however, was not related to provenances. It is recommended to conduct further geographic germplasm sampling, marker-based characterization, and agronomic evaluation to dissect further the genetic diversity and crop potential of the local adlay populations.

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Estimating genetic diversity among durum wheat (Triticum durum desf.) landraces using morphological and SRAP markers

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions

Molecular Genetic Diversity of Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Genotypes and Their Combining Ability for Agronomic Traits under Water Deficit and Well-Watered Conditions

Population Structure and Diversity of Southeast Asian Rice Varieties

Morphological characteristics and variability of traditional starch forming coix (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen) populations from Mindanao Island, Philippines

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