Estimating Informal Caregiving Time from Patient EQ-5D Data: The Informal CARE Effect (iCARE) Tool

Gheorghe, Maria; Hoefman, Renske; Versteegh, Matthijs; Exel, Job van

doi:10.1007/s40273-018-0706-6

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A similar association was found by Beretzky and Péntek [6]. The Hungarian results, moreover, are in line with an algorithm to estimate the amount of informal care hours based on EQ-5D data [23].…”

Section: Time Spent On Informal Caresupporting

confidence: 88%

The burden of informal caregiving in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: results from national representative surveys

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background We aimed to investigate the burden of informal care in Hungary (HU), Poland (PL) and Slovenia (SI). Methods A cross-sectional online survey was performed involving representative samples of 1000 respondents per country. Caregiving situations were explored; health status of informal caregivers/care recipients and care-related quality of life were assessed using the EQ-5D-5L and CarerQol-7D. Results The proportion of caregivers was (HU/PL/SI) 14.9, 15.0 and 9.6%, respectively. Their mean age was 56.1, 45.6 and 48.0, and the average time spent on informal care was 27.6, 35.5 and 28.8 h/week. Chronic care was dominant (> 1 year: 78.5%, 72.0%, 74.0%) and care recipients were mainly (own/in-law) parents. Average EQ-5D-5L scores of care recipients were 0.53, 0.49 and 0.52. For Poland and Slovenia, EQ-5D-5L scores of informal care providers were significantly lower than of other respondents. Average CarerQol-7D scores were (HU/PL/SI) 76.0, 69.6 and 70.9, and CarerQol-VAS was 6.8, 6.4 and 6.6, respectively. Overall, 89, 87, and 84% of caregivers felt some or a lot fulfilment related to caring. Problems with combining tasks with daily activities were most important in Hungary and Slovenia. Women had a higher probability of being a caregiver in Hungary. CarerQol-7D scores were significantly associated with caregivers' EQ-5D-5L scores. In Hungary and Poland, living in a larger household was positively, while caring for patients with mental health problems was negatively associated with CarerQol-7D scores. Conclusions These first results from the Central and Eastern European region using preference-based measures for the evaluation of informal care can serve as a valuable input for health economic analyses.

show abstract

Section: Time Spent On Informal Caresupporting

confidence: 88%

The burden of informal caregiving in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: results from national representative surveys

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This overview is complemented by three examples of specific methods for valuing time: willingness to pay of a caregiver intervention [8], a discrete choice experiment to value informal care for children with intellectual disability using a willingness-to-pay approach [9], and a discrete choice experiment to value an hour of informal care using a willingness-to-accept approach [10]. The final paper in this set presents the "iCare" tool developed by Gheorge et al, which provides an algorithm for estimating mean hours of informal care based on patient-level EQ-5D data [11]. 1 To generate estimates of spillover using quality-adjusted life-years, both indirect and direct methods have been proposed.…”

Section: Topics In This Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This issue provides several tools for analysts-methods for valuing informal care [7], a comprehensive catalog of caregiver utilities [14], and an algorithm for generating caregiver time using patient-level EQ-5D data [11]. Much guidance is still needed especially in best practices for valuing informal care time and measuring spillover burden via health utilities.…”

Section: Future Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Methods and Novel Applications for Measuring Family Spillover Effects of Illness

Prosser

Wittenberg²

2019

PharmacoEconomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…SA3 and SA4, performed using the iCARE tool, appeared to overestimate and underestimate the care time and IC costs in dependent and independent patients, respectively, in comparison with the base case analysis. This could be attributed to the iCARE tool prediction model being exclusively based on Dutch databases and maybe not adapted to the specificities of healthcare systems and IC traditions in other countries [27]. There is a need for a similar tool adapted to the specificities of each country since EQ‐5D data are more often available in the literature than IC time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time of care not corresponding to the work time was valued through the French legal minimum gross hourly wage rate [24]. SA3 and SA4 were performed using the informal CARE effect (iCARE) tool, which allows estimation of the mean IC hours received using only patient‐level EQ‐5D data [27]. The iCARE tool was used to replace missing IC values in SA3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients' productivity losses and informal care costs related to ischemic stroke: a French population‐based study

Barral

Rabier

Termoz

et al. 2020

Euro J of Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and purposeLarge societal costs of stroke should not be ignored. We aimed to estimate patients' productivity losses and informal care costs during the first year after ischemic stroke.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was performed within the STROKE69 regional population‐based cohort study. At 1 year post‐stroke, each patient and the corresponding main informal caregiver received questionnaires followed by a telephone interview if necessary. Time losses were valued using the human capital approach and proxy good method for patients with and without a professional activity, respectively.ResultsAmong the 222 patients with ischemic stroke (58% men; mean age 68 years; and 86% with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of <3 at 3 months), 54%, 32%, and 25% received informal, formal, and both cares, respectively. Among the 108 main informal caregivers, 63% were women, 74% lived with the patient, and 57% were retired or unemployed. The mean cost of productivity losses was estimated at €7589 ± €12 305 per patient in the first post‐stroke year with 5.4%, 71.2%, and 23.4% of these being attributed to presenteeism, absenteeism, and leisure time, respectively. Informal care was given at an average of 25 h/week. The annual mean estimated total cost of informal care was €10 635 per caregiver.ConclusionsInformal care and productivity losses of patients with ischemic stroke during the first post‐stroke year represent a significant economic burden for society comparable to direct costs. These costs should be included in economic evaluations with the adoption of a societal perspective to avoid underestimating the societal stroke economic burden.

show abstract

Estimating Informal Caregiving Time from Patient EQ-5D Data: The Informal CARE Effect (iCARE) Tool

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

The burden of informal caregiving in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: results from national representative surveys

The burden of informal caregiving in Hungary, Poland and Slovenia: results from national representative surveys

Advances in Methods and Novel Applications for Measuring Family Spillover Effects of Illness

Patients' productivity losses and informal care costs related to ischemic stroke: a French population‐based study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About