Estimating lighting device inventories with the LANcube v2 multiangular radiometer

Abstract

This paper is a technical report describing the use of an open source instrument called LANcube v2 to estimate a lighting devices inventory. The LANcube v2 is and instrument having 5 color sensitive sensors, each on a face of a cube. The instrument can be mounted on a car roof in order to create a map of the artificial light at night while roaming the streets and roads. Based on the temporal variations of the detected signal on various cube’s faces, we developed a method of finding the approximate position in 3D of each source. The lamp spectral types can be determined relatively well thanks to the color balance of the raw Red (R), Green (G), Blue (B), and Clear (C) color bands. If one assumes a typical angular photometry of a source with respect to its location, it is possible to estimate roughly its current luminous flux. Such information allows us to build a lighting devices inventory of a territory. One advantage of that new method is that it can provide information about the private sources that are always excluded from public lighting inventories. We compared the inventory extracted with that new methodology with an in situ lamp inventory made for two villages in Canada. This comparison allow us to emphasize the strengths and limitations of the method by comparing to the ground truth. We actually found that we were able to detect 99% of the sources with flux higher than 1000 lumen and located within 15 meters from the road. We also found that we generally overestimate the height of the devices by 21 to 51% depending on the lamp photometry. This overestimate surely reflect in an overestimate of the fluxes. Finally, we found that the proposed method is very efficient to recognize the spectral type of the devices with 99% of success.

Quantifying the Variability of Ground Light Sources and Their Relationships with Spaceborne Observations of Night Lights Using Multidirectional and Multispectral Measurements

“…The LAN3V2 photometer is a relatively new ground-based instrument which offers a unique capability of measuring night-time brightness in three spectral bands and in five directions, thus allowing to map artificial lights and their colors and related light pollution indices over a wide area [22]. Working in a rural area, Aubé and Houle [26] demonstrated that using its multidirectional measurements, it was possible to map street light inventories in two small villages. In this paper, we examined the variability in night-time lights (both brightness and color) as measured by the LAN3V2 to better understand the factors affecting it and its correspondence with spaceborne measurements of night lights, as measured by the SDGSAT-1 [7]-the first multispectral spaceborne sensor offering acquisition of night-time lights at a medium spatial resolution as suggested in 2007 [27].…”

“…Ground measurements of night-time brightness as part of remote sensing studies have often used sky quality meters (SQM; [17,28,30]) or lux meters [28,38], such as the LAN3V2 [22,26], for calibration and validation purposes. While both approaches are valid, one of the main differences between them relates to the sensitivity threshold of illuminance meters vs. that of the SQM.…”