Estimating long-term global supply costs for low-carbon hydrogen

Brändle, Gregor; Schönfisch, Max; Schulte, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117481

Cited by 143 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Section 3.1.12, "The Liquid Fuels Question" claims that "it is highly unlikely that synthetic liquid fuel substitutes for FFs [fossil fuels] can be produced sustainably in any more than small quantities for niche applications". Vast literature has been published in recent years on e-fuels and e-chemicals, such as green Hydrogen [85,86,163], e-Methane [164,165], Fischer-Tropsch fuels [166,167], e-Ammonia [168,169] and e-Methanol [170,171], all showing that electricity-based fuels are in reach. In a global energy system transition analysis reaching 100% RE in 2050 [46], with 90% electricity share in primary energy (mainly PV, wind and some hydropower) and strong growth in energy service demands, it has been shown that the total energy system cost can be kept at present levels, while the overall energy system efficiency can be increased by a factor of two [46], mainly due to the phase-out of combustion processes which can be substituted by direct electricity-based processes.…”

Section: Statements In the Seibert-rees (S-r) Paper And Counter-argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on Seibert, M.K.; Rees, W.E. Through the Eye of a Needle: An Eco-Heterodox Perspective on the Renewable Energy Transition. Energies 2021, 14, 4508

et al. 2022

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This paper exposes the many flaws in the article “Through the Eye of a Needle: An Eco-heterodox Perspective on the Renewable Energy Transition, authored by Siebert and Rees and recently published in Energies as a Review. Our intention in submitting this critique is to expose and rectify the original article’s non-scientific approach to the review process that includes selective (and hence biased) screening of the literature focusing on the challenges related to renewable energies, without discussing any of the well-documented solutions. In so doing, we also provide a rigorous refutation of several statements made by a Seibert–Rees paper, which often appear to be unsubstantiated personal opinions and not based on a balanced review of the available literature.

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Section: Statements In the Seibert-rees (S-r) Paper And Counter-argumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on Seibert, M.K.; Rees, W.E. Through the Eye of a Needle: An Eco-Heterodox Perspective on the Renewable Energy Transition. Energies 2021, 14, 4508

et al. 2022

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“…Other, future cost reductions for hydrogen are expected to be achieved by technological development and scale effects in the production and use of electrolysers. It is expected that PEM-CAPEX will fall to a fraction of its current level within the next 20 to 30 years, to around 650 EUR/kW in 2030 and 300 to 500 EUR/kW in 2050 [14,48,49]. This will lead to an overall hydrogen production cost range of 3 to 5.7 EUR/kgH 2 in 2030 [44,47,50] and 1 to 2.9 EUR/kgH 2 in 2050 [50,51].…”

Section: Creating Business Cases Despite High Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Green Hydrogen Puzzle: Towards a German Policy Framework for Industry

et al. 2021

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Green hydrogen will play a key role in building a climate-neutral energy-intensive industry, as key technologies for defossilising the production of steel and basic chemicals depend on it. Thus, policy-making needs to support the creation of a market for green hydrogen and its use in industry. However, it is unclear how appropriate policies should be designed, and a number of challenges need to be addressed. Based on an analysis of the ongoing German debate on hydrogen policies, this paper analyses how policy-making for green hydrogen development may support industry defossilisation. For the assessment of policy instruments, a simplified multi-criteria analysis (MCA) is used with an innovative approach that derives criteria from specific challenges. Four challenges and seven relevant policy instruments are identified. The results of the MCA reveal the potential of each of the selected instruments to address the challenges. The paper furthermore outlines how instruments might be combined in a policy package that supports industry defossilisation, creates synergies and avoids trade-offs. The paper’s impact may reach beyond the German case, as the challenges are not specific to the country. The results are relevant for policy-makers in other countries with energy-intensive industries aiming to set the course towards a hydrogen future.

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“…In the emerging market for low-carbon hydrogen, natural gas-based technologies such as natural gas reforming (NGR) 1 +CCUS or methane pyrolysis are likely to compete against electrolysis using electricity derived from renewable energy sources (RES) as the primary means of hydrogen production (Brändle et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown by Brändle et al (2021), natural gas-based technologies are likely the most economical choice to produce low-carbon hydrogen in the short to medium term. However, in the long term, RES-based hydrogen could become competitive in countries with good renewable resources if RES and electrolyser investment costs decline substantially and natural gas prices increase (IEA, 2019a;Brändle et al, 2021;Lambert and Schulte, 2021). Amongst the natural gas-based technologies, NGR+CCUS could be supplemented by methane pyrolysis if it becomes mature enough to be deployed at scale for hydrogen production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%