Estimating mass discharge from dense nonaqueous phase liquid source zones using upscaled mass transfer coefficients: An evaluation using multiphase numerical simulations

Christ, John A.; Ramsburg, C. Andrew; Pennell, Kurt D.; Abriola, Linda M.

doi:10.1029/2006wr004886

Cited by 101 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Geometry of the contaminant source is now being recognized as an important factor impacting the fate of NAPLs in the subsurface [25][26][27][28]. The geometry of the NAPL dictates the surface area, which in turn drives dissolution rates as well as the available area for microbial colonization [3,29].…”

Section: Role Of Geometry In 'Fate and Persistence'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Petroleum Deposit Geometry on Local Gradient of Electron Acceptors and Microbial Catabolic Potential

Singh

Pruden

Widdowson

2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A field survey was conducted following the Deepwater Horizon blowout and it was noted that resulting coastal petroleum deposits possessed distinct geometries, ranging from small tar balls to expansive horizontal oil sheets. A laboratory study evaluated the effect of oil deposit geometry on localized gradients of electron acceptors and microbial community composition, factors that are critical to accurately estimating biodegradation rates. One-dimensional top-flow sand columns with 12-hour simulated tidal cycles compared two contrasting geometries (isolated tar "balls" versus horizontal "sheets") relative to an oil-free control. Significant differences in the effluent dissolved oxygen and sulfate concentrations were noted among the columns, indicating presence of anaerobic zones in the oiled columns, particularly in the sheet condition. iv

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Section: Role Of Geometry In 'Fate and Persistence'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Petroleum Deposit Geometry on Local Gradient of Electron Acceptors and Microbial Catabolic Potential

Singh

Pruden

Widdowson

2012

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Under previous SERDP sponsorship, Christ et al (2006) developed an upscaled model that uses two site specific parameters: initial average concentration (C o ) and GTP ratio, to quantify the approximate evolution of the contaminant plume as DNAPL dissolves. The DNAPL source zone simulations employed in their study were generated using the SGS-based simulations conditioned to the Bachman Road site (Lemke and Abriola, 2003;2006;Lemke et al, 2004).…”

Section: Ii42 Upscaled Models For Mass Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2006), developed a simplified screening model based upon this metric that successfully captured the relationship between source zone mass removal and down-gradient contaminant flux reduction for a variety of field-scale numerical simulation scenarios. Although this and similar upscaled models may reproduce the general decline in flux-averaged concentrations with mass removal (e.g., Parker and Park, 2004;Christ et al, 2006;Fure et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2008), they fail to capture the distinct 'multistage' concentration behavior observed as the SZA transforms from ganglia-to pool dominance (see, for example, Lemke et al, 2004b;Parker and Park, 2004;Brusseau et al, 2007Brusseau et al, , 2008Suchomel and Pennell, 2006;Zhang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Ii41 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a prior SERDP project , we developed the ganglia-to-pool (GTP) ratio to describe the NAPL distribution within the source zone (Christ et al 2005;Lemke and Abriola 2006), and later linked the GTP ratio to plume responses using upscaling methods (Christ et al 2006). Experimental studies conducted in laboratory-scale aquifer cells containing a PCE-NAPL source zone demonstrated the strong relationship between reductions in mass discharge and the initial GTP ratio (Suchomel and Pennell 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These approaches have involved application of Lagrangian modeling techniques (e.g., Jawitz et al, 2003Jawitz et al, , 2005Enfield et al, 2005;Fure et al, 2006;Basu et al, 2008a); upscaled mass transfer relationships (e.g., Parker and Park, 2004;Park and Parker, 2005;Christ et al, 2006;Saenton and Illangasekare, 2007;Parker et al, 2008;Zhu and Sykes, 2004), and traditional analytical and numerical models (e.g., Kaye et al, 2008;Marble et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008). Motivated by the attractive simplicity of the GTP ratio, Christ et.al.…”

Section: Ii41 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Abriola¹,

Miller²,

Pennell³

et al. 2013

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)2. REPORT TYPE SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTThe overarching goal of this research is to develop and demonstrate a comprehensive approach for field characterization of DNAPL source zones which quantifies the key features that control plume response. Here the intent is to integrate targeted (local-scale) in situ tests with transect-based observations of downstream contaminant flux or concentration and information on subsurface geologic variability. To address its primary goal, the research encompasses the following specific objectives: (1) identification of the most information rich metrics for linking NAPL architecture to plume response; (2) development and refinement of in situ test methods and modeling tools that can be used to quantify identified metrics in targeted regions of the source zone; (3) integration of these metrics and tools with current machine learning characterization methods for an overall source zone assessment protocol; and (4) development of simplified models for prediction of plume response. The research approach integrates batch, column and aquifer cell experiments with mathematical modeling and data processing tools to identify and quantify features of the DNAPL architecture controlling down gradient plume response. SUBJECT TERMSField characterization; Metric identification; DNAPL; SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF:No classified information

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Comparison of upscaled models for multistage mass discharge from DNAPL source zones

Kokkinaki

Werth

Sleep

2014

Water Resources Research

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Analytical upscaled models that can describe the depletion of dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) and the associated mass discharge are a practical alternative to computationally demanding and data-intensive multiphase numerical simulators. A major shortcoming of most existing upscaled models is that they cannot reproduce the nonmonotonic, multistage effluent concentrations often observed in experiments and numerical simulations. Upscaled models that can produce multistage concentrations either require calibration, which increases the cost of applying them in the field, or use dual-domain conceptual models that may not apply for spatially complex source zones. In this study, a new upscaled model is presented that can describe the nonmonotonic, multistage average concentrations emanating from complex DNAPL source zones. This is achieved by explicitly considering the temporal evolution of three source zone parameters, namely source zone projected area, the average of local-scale DNAPL saturations, and the average of local-scale aqueous relative permeability, without using empirical parameters. The model is evaluated for two real and twelve hypothetical centimeter-scale complex source zones. The proposed model captures the temporal variations in concentrations better than an empirical model and a dual-domain ganglia-to-pool ratio model. The results provide evidence that effluent concentrations downgradient of DNAPL source zones are controlled by the evolution of the aforementioned macroscopic parameters. This knowledge can be useful for the interpretation of field observations of effluent concentrations downstream of DNAPL source zones, and for the development of predictive upscaled models. Advances in DNAPL characterization techniques are needed to quantify these macroscopic parameters that can be used to guide DNAPL remediation efforts.

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Estimating mass discharge from dense nonaqueous phase liquid source zones using upscaled mass transfer coefficients: An evaluation using multiphase numerical simulations

Cited by 101 publications

References 63 publications

Influence of Petroleum Deposit Geometry on Local Gradient of Electron Acceptors and Microbial Catabolic Potential

Influence of Petroleum Deposit Geometry on Local Gradient of Electron Acceptors and Microbial Catabolic Potential

Metric Identification and Protocol Development for Characterizing DNAPL Source Zone Architecture and Associated Plume Response

Comparison of upscaled models for multistage mass discharge from DNAPL source zones

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