Estimating patronization shares for urban retail centers: An extension of the Poisson gravity model

Spatial Distribution of Retail Sales

“…Okoruwa et al (1988) Store size Retail center size exerts a negative influence on patronization rates. Gautschi (1981) Distance between consumers and retailers…”

“…7 More recent research incorporates more characteristics of stores and consumers in retail gravity models. For example, Okoruwa et al (1988) include retail center variables such as age and type, as well as economic and demographic characteristics of shoppers in estimating shopping trip frequencies obtained from a survey. Okoruwa et al (1988) calibrate equation (1) with a Poisson regression.…”

“…For example, Okoruwa et al (1988) include retail center variables such as age and type, as well as economic and demographic characteristics of shoppers in estimating shopping trip frequencies obtained from a survey. Okoruwa et al (1988) calibrate equation (1) with a Poisson regression. Contradicting the typical hypothesis of retail gravity models, they find that retail center size exerts a negative influence on patronization rates.…”

Location of super and hypermarkets in the city of Ústí nad Labem

“…Lee and Pace (2005) provide an overview of different conclusions that are found in different works. For example, Kotler (1971), Stanley and Sewall (1976) concluded in connection with the size of the store that size does not contribute significantly to the estimated customer size of the store, Okoruwa et al (1988) assessed the same factor claiming that the size of the shopping centre negatively affects the number of customers (i.e. an inverse relationship applies here).…”

“…Spatial interaction models and their application to retail site selection are described in Czech geographic literature, namely in the work of Maryáš (1983Maryáš ( , 1988, who is one of the most important authors. Lee and Pace (2005) refer to the studies by Gautschi (1981) Okoruwa et al (1988Okoruwa et al ( , 1994, as well as Eppli and Shilling (1996), which apply the Reilly gravitational model to specific cases. The results of the conducted studies vary in the importance that they attach to the factors of distance and store size.…”