Estimating premorbid intelligence Comparison of traditional and contemporary methods across the intelligence continuum

Griffin, Stefanie L.; Mindt, Monica Rivera; Rankin, Eugene J.; Ritchie, A. Jocelyn; Scott, James G.

doi:10.1016/s0887-6177(01)00136-6

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The phenotypic correlations reported here between the reading measures and IQ subtests are somewhat lower than those typically reported between IQ scores and reading measures Griffin et al, 2001;LastineSobecks, Jackson, and Paolo, 1998). This may be partly due to the lower reliability of IQ subtests compared to summary IQ scores (Wechsler, 1981).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…From the same study, estimates of 66% and 33% were found for WAIS-R Full Scale IQ and Performance IQ, respectively. Similar estimates have been provided from other studies (e.g., Griffin et al, 2001;Lastine-Sobecks, Jackson, and Paolo, 1998). Beardsall (1998) reported the proportion of variance in WAIS-R Verbal IQ accounted for by the CCRT as 61%.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This may be partly due to the lower reliability of IQ subtests compared to summary IQ scores (Wechsler, 1981). Additionally, studies previously reporting NART/CCRT and IQ correlations have typically used samples composed of older participants than reported here (Beardsall, 1998;Griffin et al, 2001;LastineSobecks, Jackson, and Paolo, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Genetic and Environmental Sources of Covariance Between Reading Tests Used in Neuropsychological Assessment and IQ Subtests

et al. 2004

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In this study, we examined genetic and environmental influences on covariation among two reading tests used in neuropsychological assessment (Cambridge Contextual Reading Test [CCRT], [Beardsall, L., and Huppert, F. A. (1994 (Verbal, Performance, Reading). Reading performance was influenced by the genetic General factor (accounting for 13% and 20% of the variance for the CCRT and SGWRT, respectively), the genetic Verbal factor (explaining 17% and 19% of variance for the CCRT and SGWRT), and the genetic Reading factor (explaining 21% of the variance for both the CCRT and SGWRT). A common environment factor accounted for 25% and 14% of the CCRT and SGWRT variance, respectively. Genetic influences accounted for more than half of the phenotypic covariance between the reading tests and each of the IQ subtests. The heritabilities of the CCRT and SGWRT were 0.54 and 0.65, respectively. Observable covariance between reading assessments used by neuropsychologists to estimate IQ and IQ subtests appears to be largely due to genetic effects.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Genetic and Environmental Sources of Covariance Between Reading Tests Used in Neuropsychological Assessment and IQ Subtests

et al. 2004

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“…The demographic-based regression method for estimating premorbid ability involves developing a multiple linear regression (MLR) model by employing onlydemographicbased variables (e.g., age, gender, education, ethnicity, and occupation) that are easily obtainable and potentially avoid the effects of current ability levels or neurological injury (Griffin et al, 2002). The approach that combinesthe use of demographic variables and current actual performancealso utilizes MLR to predict scores on an IQ measure.…”

Section: Traditional Methods Of Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is common in clinical practice for neuropsychologists to use a discrepancy between a predicted and an obtained test score to assist in the determination of whether organic impairment or a progressive disease is present. Thus, an accurate estimation of premorbid intelligence is necessary to prevent errors such as under-or overestimation of a patient's level of cognitive decline (Griffin, Mindt, Rankin, Ritchie, & Scott, 2002), and the availability of techniques demonstrating good validity and reliability for predicting premorbid intellectual functioning is a central concern of clinicians. When premorbid ability levels can be reasonably estimated, a diagnosis can be made with confidence, and cognitive rehabilitation programs can be properly designed, monitored, and modified (Reynolds, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The prediction of intelligence in preschool children using alternative models to regression

et al. 2011

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Statistical prediction of an outcome variable using multiple independent variables is a common practice in the social and behavioral sciences. For example, neuropsychologists are sometimes called upon to provide predictions of preinjury cognitive functioning for individuals who have suffered a traumatic brain injury. Typically, these predictions are made using standard multiple linear regression models with several demographic variables (e.g., gender, ethnicity, education level) as predictors. Prior research has shown conflicting evidence regarding the ability of such models to provide accurate predictions of outcome variables such as full-scale intelligence (FSIQ) test scores. The present study had two goals: (1) to demonstrate the utility of a set of alternative prediction methods that have been applied extensively in the natural sciences and business but have not been frequently explored in the social sciences and (2) to develop models that can be used to predict premorbid cognitive functioning in preschool children. Predictions of Stanford-Binet 5 FSIQ scores for preschool-aged children is used to compare the performance of a multiple regression model with several of these alternative methods. Results demonstrate that classification and regression treesprovided more accurate predictions of FSIQ scores than does the more traditional regression approach. Implications of these results are discussed.

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The neuregulin 1 promoter polymorphism rs6994992 is not associated with chronic schizophrenia or neurocognition

Crowley

Keefe

Perkins

et al. 2008

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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The neuregulin 1 (NRG1) promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6994992 has shown association with decreased activation of frontal and temporal lobe regions, increased risk of psychosis, and decreased premorbid IQ. This SNP is part of a putative schizophrenia risk-associated haplotype and was associated with increased expression of the type IV transcript in postmortem tissue. We tested for association between rs6994992 and chronic schizophrenia by genotyping 738 cases from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) and 733 matched controls. We further tested for associations with age at onset and baseline neurocognition in cases with schizophrenia reasoning that these phenotypes might yield results similar to those seen for premorbid IQ. Affection status was weakly associated with rs6994992 genotypes and trended towards association under a recessive model. This association did not survive correction for multiple comparisons and was in the opposite direction than has been reported. There was no association between rs6994992 and age at onset, an estimate of premorbid IQ, or neurocognition at study baseline. We were unable to replicate previous associations of rs6994992 with schizophrenia and, moreover, did not find significant associations with age of onset, an estimate of pre-morbid IQ, or neurocognition.

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Estimating premorbid intelligence Comparison of traditional and contemporary methods across the intelligence continuum

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Genetic and Environmental Sources of Covariance Between Reading Tests Used in Neuropsychological Assessment and IQ Subtests

Genetic and Environmental Sources of Covariance Between Reading Tests Used in Neuropsychological Assessment and IQ Subtests

The prediction of intelligence in preschool children using alternative models to regression

The neuregulin 1 promoter polymorphism rs6994992 is not associated with chronic schizophrenia or neurocognition

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