Estimating root mass in young hybrid poplar trees using the electrical capacitance method

Preston, GK; McBride, R. A.; Bryan, Jeff M.; Candido, Michael

doi:10.1023/b:agfo.0000024439.41932.e2

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The most frequently used frequency is 1 kHz (Kendall et al, 1982;Dalton, 1995;Ozier-Lafontaine et al, 2001;van Beem et al, 1998;Preston et al, 2004). According to Dalton (1995) the charge developed during root capacitance measurement is the result of membrane surface polarization in the root.…”

Section: Electric Capacitance and Its Use In The Root-soil Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical capacitance of roots in relation to plant electrodes, measuring frequency and root media

Rajkai

Végh

Nacsa³

2005

Acta Agronomica Hungarica

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The electrical capacitance method was applied for the examination of living root systems in a pot experiment. The measured root capacitances gave an unambiguous indication of the development of root mass and length. The root capacitances measured using needle and clamp plant electrodes were closely similar when the roots of whole plants were placed in water, while increasing differences were observed with a decrease in soil water saturation. The difference in capacitance between the plant electrodes is outlined by interpreting the action mechanism of the clamp electrode.The capacitance and electrical impedance spectra (30 Hz-1 MHz) were determined for roots in soil, for pieces of roots washed free of soil, and for the soil itself. The root capacitance was smaller than that of the soil and higher than that of root pieces at 1 kHz, while the capacitance of the soil became equal to that of roots in soil at about 2 kHz. This calls attention to the importance of the measuring frequency when determining root capacitance.A capacitor model with two dielectric media is proposed besides Dalton's model in order to interpret the behaviour of root and soil capacitances. However, its validity requires further verification.

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Section: Electric Capacitance and Its Use In The Root-soil Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical capacitance of roots in relation to plant electrodes, measuring frequency and root media

Rajkai

Végh

Nacsa³

2005

Acta Agronomica Hungarica

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“…By fixing an electrode at the plant stem and embedding the other one in the soil and connecting them by an LCR-instrument, the measured root EI and EC are directly correlated with root mass, root length, or root surface area (Chloupek, 1972;Ozier-Lafontaine and Bajazet, 2005;Rajkai et al, 2002). EI and EC methods have been used for investigation of detached plant tissues and organs subjected to various stress conditions (cold acclimation, freeze-thaw injury, drought, nutrient deficiency, or pathogen infection) as well as for studying intact root systems of plants cultivated in soil or grown in hydroponic solution (Chloupek et al, 2006;Cseresnyés et al, 2012Cseresnyés et al, , 2013Preston et al, 2004).Dalton (1995) developed a conceptual model for interpretation of the plant root-soil system in which root surface area was regarded to be the surface area of a group of cylindrical condensers having the same average diameter as the cellular system constituting the roots. The root-soil interface has a capacitance proportional to the charges accumulated on the active membrane surfaces.…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of phase angle measurement in electrical impedance spectroscopy

Cseresnyés¹,

Rajkai²,

Vozáry³

2013

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Importance of phase angle measurement during the application of electrical impedance spectroscopy was studied by executing pot experiments with maize. Electrical impedance, phase angle (strength of capacitive character), and dissipation factor in the plant-soil system were scanned between 100 and 10 000 Hz current frequency. The frequency-dependent change in the phase angle could be described by optimum curves culminating within 920-3 650 Hz. Since the rate of energy dissipation is independent of root extent, the higher phase angle and lower energy dissipation were associated with the higher coefficient of determination achieved for the root electrical impedance -root system size (root dry mass and root surface area) regressions. The characteristic frequency selected on the basis of phase angle spectra provided a higher significance level at statistical comparison of plant groups subjected to stress conditions influencing root development. Due to the physicochemical changes observable in aging root tissue, the apex of phase angle spectra, thus the characteristic frequency, shifted continuously toward the higher frequencies over time. Consequently, the regularly repeated phase angle measurement is advisable in time-course studies for effective application of the electrical impedance method, and the systematic operation at the same frequency without determination of phase angle spectra should be avoided.K e y w o r d s: dissipation factor, root capacitance, electrical impedance spectroscopy, phase angle, root surface area INTRODUCTIONDestructive root investigation methods, such as soil cores, in-growth cores, or monoliths are unsuitable for continuous monitoring of root development or activity in response to changing environmental conditions. The applicability of the non-destructive ground penetrating radar, radioactive tracers, MRI or X-ray imaging techniques is also strongly limited in many cases: providing little resolution of root structure (detect clearly coarse roots only), these methods are not adapted for quantification of root surface area and examination of many plant phenomena related to root development (Cao et al., 2010;Èermák et al., 2006). Conversely, electrical impedance (EI) and electrical capacitance (EC) measurements in a plant-soil system offer good opportunities of rapid in situ investigation of the root system size and root activity without any intrusion into plant life function. By fixing an electrode at the plant stem and embedding the other one in the soil and connecting them by an LCR-instrument, the measured root EI and EC are directly correlated with root mass, root length, or root surface area (Chloupek, 1972;Ozier-Lafontaine and Bajazet, 2005;Rajkai et al., 2002). EI and EC methods have been used for investigation of detached plant tissues and organs subjected to various stress conditions (cold acclimation, freeze-thaw injury, drought, nutrient deficiency, or pathogen infection) as well as for studying intact root systems of plants cultivated in soil or grown in hydro...

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“…core sampling or rhizotrones) that EC does not provide information about the relative depth distribution and morphology of the roots, which plays important role in competition. Though several studies demonstrate the relevance of the process in the field (Beem et al, 1998;Preston et al, 2004;Chloupek et al, 2006;Ellis et al, 2013b;Svačina et al, 2014;Nakhforoosh et al, 2014), EC method seemed to be reliable under relatively homogeneous soil conditions (e.g. sandy soils) with adequate water supply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Investigation of the mechanisms and outcomes of crop-weed competi-2 with reasonable predictive ability to assess the root properties for a given plant in a given soil (McBride et al, 2008). Reliability of the technique has been demonstrated by various pot experiments and field studies focused on crop plant genotypes (Beem et al, 1998;Svačina et al, 2014;Heřmanská et al, 2015) and young tree cultivars (Preston et al, 2004;Cao et al, 2010;Pitre et al, 2010) in most cases. The great advantage of EC method over other in situ techniques that it can simply study the functional aspect of the plant root system, providing information about the absorptive root surface area (Cseresnyés et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of electrical capacitance measurement for in situ monitoring of competitive interactions between maize and weed plants

Cseresnyés

Takács

Füzy

et al. 2016

Span. j. agric. res.

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Applicability of root electrical capacitance (EC) measurement for monitoring of crop–weed competition was studied in a pot experiment. Maize (Zea mays L.) was grown both alone and with Echinochloa crus-galli or Abutilon theophrasti in different densities with regular measurement of root EC. Plants were harvested 42 days after planting to determine above- and belowground biomass. Depending on weed density, E. crus-galli-A. theophrasti interaction reduced the root EC of maize by 22–66% and 3–57%, respectively. Competitive effect of crop on weeds and intraspecific competition among weeds could also be detected by EC values: E. crus-galli was less sensitive both to the presence of maize and to intraspecific competition than A. theophrasti. Strong linear correlations between root dry mass and root EC for crop and weeds (with R2 from 0.901 to 0.956) were obtained by regression analyses at the end of the experiment. EC monitoring informed us on the emergence time of competition: E. crus-galli interfered with maize root growth a week earlier then A. theophrasti, and increasing weed densities accelerated the emergence of competition. In conclusion, the simple, non-destructive EC method should be considered a potential in situ technique for pot studies on crop–weed competition, which may partially substitute the intrusive techniques commonly used in agricultural researches.

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Estimating root mass in young hybrid poplar trees using the electrical capacitance method

Cited by 46 publications

References 12 publications

Electrical capacitance of roots in relation to plant electrodes, measuring frequency and root media

Electrical capacitance of roots in relation to plant electrodes, measuring frequency and root media

Role of phase angle measurement in electrical impedance spectroscopy

Application of electrical capacitance measurement for in situ monitoring of competitive interactions between maize and weed plants

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