Estimating the COVID-19 mortality burden over two full years of the pandemic in Malaysia

Tan, LeeAnn; Ganapathy, Shubash Shander; Chan, Yee Mang; Alias, Nadiawati; Nasaruddin, Nur Hamizah; Khaw, Wan-Fei; Omar, Azahadi

doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100456

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The population of Maranhão is estimated at 7.15 million in 2021 (IBGE), which yields an average of 0.01331 YLLs per person (or 4.86 days lost), or 1,331 YLLs for every 100,000 inhabitants of the state. This value is considerably below that of other socioeconomically similar regions, such as the 1,998 YLLs per 100,000 inhabitants in Malaysia, according to another study covering 2 years of the pandemic (TAN et al, 2022). It also falls below the DALYs measured in severely affected regions at the beginning of the pandemic and with a high proportion of elderly people in the population, such as Italy, which obtained an average of 2010 DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants (NURCHIS et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

The burden of disease attributable to Covid-19 in Maranhão

Pinto,

Nunes,

Belfort

et al. 2023

Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento

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The objective of this study was to estimate the burden of morbidity and mortality of Covid-19 in Maranhão over a 24-month period, between the years 2020 and 2022. For this purpose, the data used were obtained from the bulletins of the State Department of Health of Maranhão, the IBGE portal, and the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. Using this information (confirmed cases and deaths, life expectancy, and disability weights), the average fatality rate and DALYs for the period were estimated. In the calculation of YLLs, two age distributions were used: 10-year age groups and individual ages. An average fatality rate of 2.58% (3.51% for men and 1.86% for women) and a mortality rate of 0.15% (151.73 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants) were observed. According to IBGE, life expectancy in Maranhão in 2021 was 68 years for men and 76 for women. Based on this, an estimate of 95,206 YLLs and 938.377539 YLDs was obtained, totaling 96,144.377 DALYs for the period or 1,344 DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants. Thus, it can be concluded that these results place Covid-19 at a very high level of morbidity and mortality, surpassing the DALYs recorded for all lower respiratory diseases in Maranhão in 2018 and 2019. These values make studies on the burden of Covid-19 in the region important efforts in understanding the damage caused by this disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

The burden of disease attributable to Covid-19 in Maranhão

Pinto,

Nunes,

Belfort

et al. 2023

Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento

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“…Previous findings have indicated higher morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 in males than females [36][37][38]. This differential is largely attributed to gendered behaviours or lifestyles, i.e., higher propensity to smoke and drink among males compared to females, and higher undertaking of preventive measures such as frequent handwashing, wearing of face mask, and stay at home orders among females than males [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

State-level differentials in COVID-19 fatality: exploring age and sex disparities in Malaysia’s pandemic experience

Teh,

Teo,

Bradley

et al. 2024

Discov Soc Sci Health

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Issue COVID-19 has resulted in mortality worldwide and exposed vulnerabilities in public health systems. Although countries have since transitioned to the endemic phase, it is nonetheless important to identify inequities within populations to improve public health strategies in light of another health crisis. Purpose This study aims to offer deeper insights into the sex and age differentials in COVID-19 fatality across different states in Malaysia, from the pandemic’s start to the country’s transition to the endemic phase. Methodology Analyses utilized data on the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Malaysia from January 2020 until April 2022. Case fatality rate (CFR) was computed for each state based on sex and age groups, for four periods (January–December 2020, January–June 2021, July–December 2021, and January–April 2022). Principal component analysis (PCA) uncovered patterns in the data and produced a multivariate visualization of the COVID-19 fatality within Malaysia. Findings Findings revealed heterogeneity in fatality and identified several vulnerable states, notably in the northern region (Kelantan, Perlis) and on the East Coast (Sabah, Sarawak). A sex disparity was apparent in Kelantan as the CFR among older females was higher than their male counterparts. Sabah exhibited relatively higher CFR among the child population from 2020 to 2021. Implication The findings deepened our understanding of COVID-19 fatality complexity, providing recommendations for Malaysia’s government in preparing for future health crises. Malaysia’s case study offers lessons on the need to address regional disparities and implement targeted strategies to protect vulnerable subgroups.

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“…Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of studies have used the YLL method to determine the mortality impact of the COVID-19 [3][4][5][6][7]. However, COVID-19 YLL estimates over the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic are not yet available for the Republic of Cyprus-a high-income island country with a residential population of less than one million.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Years of Life Lost due to COVID-19 over the first two years of the pandemic in Cyprus: comparisons across areas, age, and sex

Charalampous,

Haagsma,

Cuschieri

et al. 2023

Discov Health Systems

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Knowledge about the extent of the COVID-19 mortality burden is important to inform policy-making decisions. To gain greater insights into the population health impact of COVID-19 mortality, Years of Life Lost (YLL) can be estimated. We aimed to determine YLL linked to COVID-19 over the first two years (March 2020–March 2022) of the pandemic in Cyprus, by areas, and by age and sex. COVID-19 YLL was estimated by multiplying COVID-19 mortality counts by age-conditional life expectancy from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease life table. COVID-19 accounted for 16,704 YLL over the first two years of the pandemic—approximately 18.5 years lost per individual who died due to COVID-19 and 1881 YLL per 100,000 population. YLL per 100,000 was higher among males compared to females (2485 versus 1303 per 100,000) and higher among older than younger individuals. COVID-19 deaths and YLL per 100,000 were higher in high population-dense areas of Cyprus, such as Limassol. Continued evaluations of COVID-19 YLL are needed to inform on the proportionate population impact of COVID-19, over time and across areas of Cyprus.

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Estimating the COVID-19 mortality burden over two full years of the pandemic in Malaysia

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

The burden of disease attributable to Covid-19 in Maranhão

The burden of disease attributable to Covid-19 in Maranhão

State-level differentials in COVID-19 fatality: exploring age and sex disparities in Malaysia’s pandemic experience

Estimating Years of Life Lost due to COVID-19 over the first two years of the pandemic in Cyprus: comparisons across areas, age, and sex

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