Estimating the economic impact of canine rabies to Viet Nam 2005–2014

Shwiff, Stephanie A.; Brown, Vienna R.; Dao, Thu Trang; Elser, Julie L.; Trung, Hoang Xuan; Tiến, Nguyễn Ngọc; Hương, Nguyễn Thị; Riewpaiboon, Arthorn; Ernst, Karina; Shwiff, Steven S.; Payne, David A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006866

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Study in Japan, the free rabies area, in contras said that implementation of annual vaccination of domestic dogs is very inefficient, it is probably because Japan has very low risk of rabies outbreak in past 26 years [14]. It will be very different with Indonesia which is rabies endemic area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Rabies Control Program in West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia

Wismandanu¹,

Aprianti²,

Nirowati³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia

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Rabies is one of the most important zoonotic disease in Indonesia that need to be eliminate. The rabies control/elimination program has been undertaken by local government to achieve 2023 West Java Province rabies free. The aim of this study is to measure the effectiveness of rabies control program in West Bandung Regency. We modified RabiesEcon, the mathematical of dog-dog and dog-human rabies transmission to simulate rabies control program in West Bandung Regency.The human population data, dog population and the rabies control program (dog vaccination, postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) and dog population control program data) are using to this model based on the data from local government. We build 3 optional control program: no vaccination (Scenario 1), annual vaccination of 70% of dogs population (Scenario 2) (Based on WHO recommendation for rabies elimination) and 35% of dogs vaccinated program biannually (Scenario 3) . We estimate the number of preventable dog rabies and the cost of DALY averted due to this disease. We estimate the accumulative rabies cases in 5 years' period of the program will be reduce by 97% and 94% when Scenario 1 and 2 was implemented in West Bandung Regency. Human death rabies can be averted approximately 28 cases from this program and the cost per death that can be averted are US$ 7,896-10,007 cumulatively and cost per DALY averted are approximately US$ 246-270. Human rabies could be eliminated on the second year, meanwhile dog rabies on the third year of the program. Annual vaccination program of 70% of dog population is the best option to be implemented to prevent the human cases and the economically lost from this disease. We strongly recommend the implementation of this rabies control program in West Bandung Regency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Rabies Control Program in West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia

Wismandanu¹,

Aprianti²,

Nirowati³

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Conference of the International Society for Economics and Social Sciences of Animal Health - South East Asia

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“…Rabies virus (RABV) is a non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus of the Rhabdoviridae, which causes rabies—a global public health threat and fatal viral zoonosis. RABVs spread to humans via biting or scratching of RABV-infected terrestrial mammals, such as bats (Ribeiro et al, 2018 ), dogs (Shwiff et al, 2018 ), and skunks (Leslie et al, 2006 ). As with various other infectious diseases, immunization methods for the human rabies vaccine are postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) rather than preexposure (Hampson et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in the Single Amino Acid Site 83 in Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Enhances the BBB Permeability and Reduces Viral Pathogenicity

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Lab-attenuated rabies virus (RABV) is a highly cellular adaptation and less pathogenic than wild-type RABV. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the cellular adaptation and pathogenicity remain obscure. In this work, we isolated a wild-type RABV (CNIM1701) from a rabid bovine in northern China. The original CNIM1701 was lethal in adult mice and restricted replication in cell cultures. After 20 serial passages in the brains of suckling mice, the virus was renamed CNIM1701-P20, which was safe in adult mice and replicated well in cell cultures. In addition, sequence comparison analysis of the original CNIM1701 and CNIM1701-P20 identified 2 amino acid substitutions on G protein (Lys83 → Arg83 and Pro367 → Ser 367) related to pathogenesis and cellular adaptation. Using site-directed mutagenesis to exchange Lys83 with Arg83 and Pro367 with Ser 367 in the G protein of the RABV SAD strain, the pathogenicity of rSAD-K83R was significantly decreased. Our data indicate that the decreased pathogenicity of rSAD-K83R is due to increasing the expression of RABV-G, which also induced a higher level of apoptosis in infected cells. Furthermore, the K83 mutation induced high expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 on DCs and promoted blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. These results demonstrate that the pathogenesis of RABV is partially dependent on G expression and BBB permeability, which may help in the design and development of highly safe, live-RABV vaccines.

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“…The majority of these bites are a result of human-derived antagonism and fear-based behaviors [11][12][13] . Several studies have reported rabies rates in biting dogs of less than 10% 5,9 . In many parts of the world diagnostic capacity and public health risk assessments are not available and rabies must be considered a possibility for every bite event.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantifying the risk of rabies in biting dogs in Haiti

Blanton

Millien

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Rabies is a fatal viral disease typically transmitted through the bite of rabid animal. Domestic dogs cause over 99% of human rabies deaths. Over half of the world's population lives in a country where the canine rabies virus variant is endemic and dog bites are common. An estimated 29 million people worldwide receive post-bite vaccination after being exposed to animals suspected of rabies. Accurate and timely risk assessment of rabies in biting dogs is critical to ensure that rabies pep is administered to all persons with a suspected rabies exposure, while avoiding PEP administration in situations where rabies can be definitively ruled out. In this study, a logistic regression model was developed to quantify the risk of rabies in biting dogs, using data from Haiti's animal rabies surveillance program. Significant risk factors identified in the model were used to quantify the probability of rabies in biting dogs. The risk of rabies in a biting dog as assessed through Haiti's rabies surveillance program was highly elevated when the dog displayed hypersalivation (OR = 34.6, 95% CI 11.3-106.5) or paralysis (OR = 19.0, 95% CI 4.8-74.8) and when the dog was dead at the time of the assessment (OR = 20.7, 95% CI 6.7-63.7). Lack of prior rabies vaccination, biting 2 or more people, and if the dog was a puppy also increased the probability that a biting dog would have rabies. The model showed high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (97%) when examined using validation data. This model enables us to project the risk of rabies in biting dogs in Haiti shortly after the bite event and make provisional pep recommendations prior to laboratory testing or dog quarantine results. Application of this model may improve adherence to PEP for bite victims who can be educated on the quantitative risk of the exposure event. This model can also be used to reduce unnecessary PEP costs when the risk of rabies is determined as sufficiently low and the animal is available for observation. Rabies is an invariably fatal viral zoonosis typically transmitted through the bite of an infected animal 1. Globally, domestic dogs are responsible for over 99% of the 59,000 human rabies deaths estimated to occur each year 2,3. Over half of the world's population lives in a country where the canine rabies virus variant (CRVV) is endemic. Rabies is preventable with timely washing of the wound and administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), which consists of rabies immune globulin (RIG) and a series of four doses of vaccine over a 14-day period. It is estimated that over 29 million rabies vaccine doses are administered in canine rabies endemic countries each year, at a cost of 1.7 billion USD 2. The cost to treat a rabies exposure in most developing countries is in excess of one month's salary, a substantial financial burden for many bite victims 4-6. Furthermore, treatment typically requires four to five doctor visits, which is an additional financial and logistical burden. More than 29 million people worldwide receive post-bite rabies vaccination ea...

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Estimating the economic impact of canine rabies to Viet Nam 2005–2014

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

The Effectiveness of Rabies Control Program in West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia

The Effectiveness of Rabies Control Program in West Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia

Change in the Single Amino Acid Site 83 in Rabies Virus Glycoprotein Enhances the BBB Permeability and Reduces Viral Pathogenicity

Quantifying the risk of rabies in biting dogs in Haiti

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