Estimating the Global Burden of Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hirabayashi, Mayo; Georges, Damien; Clifford, Gary M.; Martel, Catherine de

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2022.07.042

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…The authors observed a pooled prevalence of 7.9% (95% CI: 5.8-9.6), irrespective of the primary site [29]. Of note, this proportion is also similar to that described in gastric adenocarcinoma in a recent meta-analysis by our group (7.5%; 95% CI: 6.9-8.1) [30]. While gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric DLBCL are different diseases, they both add to the burden of potentially preventable EBV-related cancers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Estimating the prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus in primary gastric lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hirabayashi

Traverse-Gléhen

Combes

et al. 2023

Infect Agents Cancer

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The stomach is a common site for extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. While Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main established risk factor for primary gastric lymphoma, a fraction could be aetiologically associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a known haematolymphoid carcinogen. We systematically searched five databases from 1 January 1990 until 31 May 2022 for studies reporting EBV prevalence in gastric lymphoma tumour tissue by in-situ hybridisation (ISH) for EBV-encoded small RNA (PROSPERO CRD42020164473). We included representative series of more than five gastric lymphoma cases. Pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of EBV in gastric tumour cells were calculated for two major gastric B-cell lymphoma types, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). When available, we also extracted data on H. pylori prevalence and survival by EBV status. We found ten studies including 194 cases of gastric MALT lymphoma and 11 studies including 643 cases of gastric DLBCL. EBV prevalence was 2.2% (95% CI: 0.5–13.3) in gastric MALT lymphoma and 11.0% (95% CI: 5.2–20.0) in gastric DLBCL. In a subset of studies, the prevalence of H. pylori was higher in gastric MALT lymphoma (51/69) compared to gastric DLBCL (62/102). Overall, our findings suggest that EBV is rarely seen in MALT lymphoma but is associated with around 10% of gastric DLBCL, similar to the proportion observed at other primary sites. EBV-related lymphoma adds a small number of cases to the burden of cancer that could be prevented by the future development of a vaccine against EBV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Estimating the prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus in primary gastric lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hirabayashi

Traverse-Gléhen

Combes

et al. 2023

Infect Agents Cancer

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“…The study found that the prevalence of EBV associated with GC is approximately 9.5%, indicating that a significant number of GC cases may be linked to EBV infection. In a study done by Hirabayashi et al in 2023, the prevalence was estimated to be 7.5% in 68,000 patients 108 . Tavakoli et al reported a prevalence of 8.77% in 20,361 GC patients in 2020 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigating the relationship between Epstein‐Barr virus infection and gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Dokanei,

Minai‐Tehrani,

Moghoofei

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsGastric cancer (GC) is a common cancer type worldwide, and various factors can be involved in its occurrence. One of these factors is Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection. In this regard, a systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to achieve a better understanding of the EBV prevalence in GC samples.MethodsEnglish databases were searched and studies that reported the prevalence and etiological factors of EBV related to GC from July 2007 to November 2022 were retrieved. The reported data were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of EBV infection with 95% confidence intervals was calculated. Quality assessment, heterogeneity testing, and publication bias assessment were also performed. The literature search showed 953 studies, of which 87 studies met our inclusion criteria and were used for meta‐analysis.ResultsThe pooled prevalence of EBV infection related to GC was estimated to be 9.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.2%−11%) in the general population. The prevalence of EBV infection related to GC by gender was 13.5% (95% CI: 11.1%−16.3%) in males and 7.6% (95% CI: 5.4%−10.6%) in females. No significant differences were observed in terms of geographical region. Out of the 87 studies included in the meta‐analysis, the most common diagnostic test was in situ hybridization (58 cases).ConclusionsAltogether, the results indicated that EBV infection is one of the important factors in the development of GC. However, this does not necessarily mean that EBV infection directly causes GC since other factors may also be involved in the development of GC. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct extensive epidemiological studies on various aspects of the relationship between this virus and GC, which can provide valuable information for understanding the relationship between EBV and GC.

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“…We also found that only male patient samples contained EBV genome and none of the female samples were infected with EBV which is similar to a previous study. 28 An interesting article conducted by Ye and colleagues showed that HCMV overexpressed US31 Gene had an association with GC patient's better overall survival and might be a good prognostic factor for GC patients. GC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion were suppressed by overexpressed US31.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Epstein–Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus 6, and Polyoma viruses (JC virus, BK virus) among Gastric cancer patients: A cross sectional study

Soltani,

Farahani,

Shahbahrami

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsGastric cancer is a significant global issue with a high death rate. This malignancy could be associated with several viral agents such as EBV, CMV, HHV‐6, JCV, and BKV.ObjectiveEvaluation of EBV, CMV, HHV‐6 ,and JCV, BKV frequency among gastric cancer patients.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, a total number of 60 gastric cancer specimens (32 male, 28 female) were retrieved from the pathology lab. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue was used for molecular testing. DNA was extracted from samples, according to protocol, and used for PCR reaction. Polymerase chain reactions were used to assess CMV, EBV, HHV‐6, JCV, and BKV frequency.Results and ConclusionThe mean age of the participants was 61 years and 53.3% (32) of the participants were Male. A total number of 5 samples (8.34%) were infected with viral agents. Four male gastric samples were infected with EBV (6.67%) and only one female sample contained the BKV genome (1.67%). Totally 8.34% of the samples were infected with EBV and BKV. The CMV, HHV‐6, and JCV genome was not detected in the samples. In conclusion, the presence of two viral agents including EBV and BKV among male and female samples respectively, and the genome of other viruses were not detected.

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Estimating the Global Burden of Epstein-Barr Virus–Associated Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 190 publications

Estimating the prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus in primary gastric lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Estimating the prevalence of Epstein–Barr virus in primary gastric lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Investigating the relationship between Epstein‐Barr virus infection and gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Investigation of Epstein–Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Human herpesvirus 6, and Polyoma viruses (JC virus, BK virus) among Gastric cancer patients: A cross sectional study

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