Estimating the impact of Saharan dust on the year 2001 PM10 record of Rome, Italy

Gobbi, Gian Paolo; Barnaba, Francesca; Ammannato, L.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.08.036

Cited by 86 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This clearly indicates that during severe atmospheric conditions in Zahedan, the main source region for all particle sizes is the dust transported from Sistan desert. It should be noted that the influence of long-range transported aerosols, such as dust particles, on surface aerosol concentrations is more profound in rural or suburban areas with local background pollution levels than in downtown urban environments, as has been found in Rome (Gobbi et al, 2007). Thus, apart from local emissions, dust deposition during dusty days significantly affects PM concentrations in Zahedan, thereby causing dramatic increases in all PM levels, even much higher than prescribed by EU standards.…”

Section: Diurnal Variability Of Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite that long-range advection of dust usually takes place above the boundary layer, subsidence, fumigation and sedimentation allow for a large proportion of dust to diffuse into it (e.g. Gobbi et al, 2007;Kaskaoutis et al, 2008), thus strongly influencing the PM concentrations in the ground.…”

Section: Diurnal Variability Of Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current European Union (EU) legislation employs PM 10 concentrations as one of the reference parameters in assessing urban air quality (Chaloulakou et al, 2003;Gobbi et al, 2007). According to EU standards from 1 st January 2005 it is allowed that the daily-average threshold of 50 μgm -3 at any station is exceeded for a maximum of 35 times per year, while the annual average PM 10 should not exceed 40 μgm -3 .…”

Section: Diurnal Variability Of Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temporal changes of particulate concentration in the ambient air over the city of Zahedan, Iran

Rashki

Rautenbach

Eriksson

et al. 2011

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Air pollution in developing countries has recently become a serious environmental problem which needs more active air quality monitoring and analyses. To assess air quality characteristics over the city of Zahedan, southeast Iran, airborne Particulate Matter (PM) concentrations with aerodynamic diameters of < 10 µm, < 2.5 µm and < 1.0 µm were measured during the period July 2008 to March 2010 using an Environmental Dust Monitor (EDM-180). The data were analyzed on daily, monthly and seasonal basis. The highest monthly mean PM 10 levels (172 gm -3 ) were recorded during the summer period (JuneAugust), presumably due to frequent dust storms from the nearby Sistan desert located to the north, while less PM 10 concentrations are recorded in winter (December-February) (101 gm -3 ). Linear regression analysis between the PM 2.5 and PM 10 time series reveals high correlation coefficients (r>0.82) for all seasons, implying that PM 10 and PM 2.5 may have the same source regions, or that they are influenced by the same local conditions. In contrast, neutral correlation is found between PM 10 and PM 1.0 in autumn and winter. Taking into account that the annual variation of PM 1.0 exhibits a clear pattern of peaking in winter and dropping in summer (in contrast to PM 10 ), it is suspected that PM 1.0 is of different origin than PM 10 and mainly influenced by local anthropogenic emissions. The daily PM 10 variation is strongly seasonally defined. The maximum PM 10 concentrations occur in the morning hours during winter, autumn (September-November) and early spring (March), while in summer PM 10 concentrations increase significantly in the afternoon closely associated with the intense northerly winds blowing from the desert. As far as the Air Quality Index (AQI) is concerned, its highest monthly values occur in summer, while they are reduced in winter. Desert dust 2 aerosols are found to be the major component in determining the AQI in Zahedan. The analysis shows that 15.3 % of the days are unhealthy for sensitive people, while 2 % are considered as hazardous.

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Section: Diurnal Variability Of Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diurnal Variability Of Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diurnal Variability Of Pm Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temporal changes of particulate concentration in the ambient air over the city of Zahedan, Iran

Rashki

Rautenbach

Eriksson

et al. 2011

Air Qual Atmos Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In southern Europe, natural episodes with the greatest impact on the PM 10 levels are represented by the intrusions of African air masses with high dust loads. 34,[93][94][95] In order to assess the daily African dust contribution to PM 10 mass levels during Saharan dust outbreaks at the sampling sites, the methodology presented by Escudero et al, 39 based on statistical data treatment of time series of PM 10 levels, was used. The results are presented in Figure 8 (left panels) in which the absolute values of dust contribution are presented as black bars.…”

Section: Air Mass Back-trajectory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Atmospheric Aerosol and Ozone Concentrations at Marine, Urban, and High-Altitude Monitoring Stations in Southern Italy during the 2007 Summer Saharan Dust Outbreaks and Wildfire Episodes

Bencardino

Sprovieri

Cofone

et al. 2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Due to health considerations of particles, 24-hour aver-age concentration of particles with diameter less than 10 μ (PM10) is considered 50 μg.m -3 , which it should not exceed more than 35 times per year. According to European Union standards, the concentration of particles should not go beyond 50 μg.m -3 for more than 7 times in a year, and average annual concentration of such particles should not exceed 20 μg.m -3 (9,10). In order to enhance the level of health and welfare state and based on further studies and new findings by researchers, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency revised the national standards of free air quality in 2006, which considered controlling the particles with two size ranges, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Indexes Attributed to Particulates With Less Than 10 Micrometers in the Air of Ahvaz City During 2010 to 2013

2014

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Background:Particulates have a wide range of effects, frequently on respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Exposure to such particles for a long period of time will lead to increase in morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between epidemiological indexes attributed to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases with PM10 pollutant in the air of Ahvaz city during 2010 to 2013. Materials and Methods:In this epidemiological study, data were taken from Ahvaz Department of Environment (ADoE). Sampling was performed for 24 hours in 4 stations. Method of sampling and analysis were performed according to EPA guideline. In this study, 140160 (4 × 24 × 365 × 4) samples of Ahvaz's air was taken during 2010 to 2013. Pollutant concentrations of PM10 were measured using GRIMM. Raw data processing was performed by Excel software and converted as input file to the Air Q model. Finally, health-effects of PM10 exposure were calculated. Results: Results showed an increase in annual concentration of the pollutant PM10 in Ahvaz since 2010 till 2013. The concentration of particulates in the air of Ahvaz was up to 917.12 μg/m 3 in 2013. Maximum annual concentration was 10,000 μg/m 3 , which was observed in the summer 2012. Estimated parts attributed to deaths due to cardiovascular diseases during 2010-2013 was 12.69%, 18.65%, 21.88% and 19.16%, respectively. By considering update base equal to 66 per 100,000 people for respiratory diseases, accumulative number of mortality due to such diseases during 2010-2013 was 115, 164, 189 and 168 people, respectively. Conclusions: Cardiovascular and respiratory problems mortality, as well as referrals to hospitals due to such diseases, was increased since 2010 till 2012. In 2013, however, the death toll was less than what had been in 2012, in spite of more concentration. The reason is that Ahvaz had 160 days with concentration more than 400 μg/m 3 in 2013 whereas this was 198 days in 2012. Also, every 10 μg.m -3 increase in the concentration of PM10 in Ahvaz resulted in the increase in the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory tract diseases and referrals to hospital due to respiratory and heart problems by 0.8%, 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.9%, respectively.

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Estimating the impact of Saharan dust on the year 2001 PM10 record of Rome, Italy

Cited by 86 publications

References 27 publications

Temporal changes of particulate concentration in the ambient air over the city of Zahedan, Iran

Temporal changes of particulate concentration in the ambient air over the city of Zahedan, Iran

Variability of Atmospheric Aerosol and Ozone Concentrations at Marine, Urban, and High-Altitude Monitoring Stations in Southern Italy during the 2007 Summer Saharan Dust Outbreaks and Wildfire Episodes

Epidemiological Indexes Attributed to Particulates With Less Than 10 Micrometers in the Air of Ahvaz City During 2010 to 2013

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