Estimating the Incidence of Abortion in Pakistan

Sathar, Zeba A.; Singh, Susheela; Fikree, Fariyal F.

doi:10.1111/j.1728-4465.2007.00112.x

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Despite this legal prohibition, an estimated 14% of pregnancies are terminated by induced abortion, and the annual abortion rate is 29 per 1000 women of reproductive age [24]; clandestine abortions are performed by partly trained or untrained health workers, increasing the risk of manifold complications. In addition, abortion is linked to several interrelated factors such as non-use of contraceptives, unprotected sex, non-consensual conjugal relations, and unwanted pregnancies [24]. Many studies have found that abortion is more common in abused women [3,4,7,21], although it was not significantly associated with IPV in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence and its association with women's reproductive health in Pakistan

Zakar

Mikolajczyk

et al. 2012

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence and its association with women's reproductive health in Pakistan

Zakar

Mikolajczyk

et al. 2012

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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“…16 This methodology has since been used successfully in other developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean. 9,[17][18][19][20][21] Using 1990 data for Mexico, Singh and Wulf estimated that 533,000 induced abortions occurred annually, and that the abortion rate was 25 per 1,000 women aged 15-44. * 16 No similar national estimate of abortion incidence has been made for Mexico since their study.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of Induced Abortion in Mexico: What's Changed Between 1990 and 2006?

Juárez¹,

Singh²,

García³

et al. 2008

IFPP

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study in Mexico that it is often sold on a pill by pill basis, which may explain the drop in sales. 22 The present study provides new national and regional estimates for 2006. It uses the same methodology as the 1990 study, but adapts those methods when necessarymost importantly by incorporating the use of misoprostol to induce abortion, a practice that was rare in the earlier survey period. This approach provides for comparability, and enables us to assess trends in induced abortion in Mexico over the past decade and a half. In addition to looking at changes in abortion incidence between 1990 and 2006, we examine patterns in hospitalization due to abortion-related complications, a key indicator of morbidity resulting from unsafe abortion. Finally, we explore the relationship between contraceptive use and differences in abortion incidence among the four regions and at the national level, and discuss the broader relevance and implications of our findings. DATA AND METHODS Data SourcesWe used two data sources for estimating abortion incidence: hospital discharge data on the number of women treated for abortion complications in 2006, and a survey of key informants who were knowledgeable about abortion provision in Mexico to obtain an estimate of the proportion of women who get abortions who are hospitalized.•Hospital discharge data. Data from Mexico's National System of Health Information (Sistema Nacional de Información en Salud) on the number of women treated in publicsector hospitals for abortion complications in 2006 were aggregated for seven hospital systems (see Web site Appendix at http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/ifpp/appendix/ 3404.pdf). 27 We examined the data for quality and completeness and to ensure comparability with data for 1990. To obtain a count of patients treated for postabortion complications in 2006 that was comparable to the count used in 1990, we selected the appropriate diagnostic codes from the new ICD-10 classification system that matched those from the earlier ICD-9 system. The previous study had made other adjustments to the hospital discharge data to account for misclassification of codes; 16 because the 2006 data are of higher quality, these adjustments were not necessary.The sources of health systems data on hospital care changed between 1990 and 2006: In 2006, the number of women hospitalized for abortion complications was obtained from three sources (outpatient, inpatient and emergency cases), whereas a single source was used in 1990 (only inpatient cases were available at that time). The total number of women treated for abortion complications (resulting from spontaneous or induced abortion) in all components of the public-sector hospital system in 2006 was 194,774 (112,978 reported inpatients, 26,823 reported outpatients and 54,973 estimated emergency cases; see Appendix Table 1).•Health Professionals Survey. The Health Professionals Survey (HPS) was designed to assess the conditions of induced abortions; given the rise in use of contraceptives since the 1980s and the increase ...

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“…One of the critical requirements for capturing the demographic dividend is to improve the basic levels of education and skills of the working-age population. The strong relationship between education and population well-being has been recognized in countries at all stages of development, and is particularly critical in countries, like Pakistan, that are in the middle stages of the demographic transition (Bongaarts 2011;Sathar 2007). Progress in Pakistan has been gradual.…”

Section: Can Pakistan Have a Rapid Fertility Transition?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About one in four births in Pakistan is unwanted, and a similar proportion is mistimed (National Institute of Population Studies 2008). Furthermore, an estimated one million abortions are performed each year, many of them under unsafe conditions (Sathar et al 2007). These unplanned pregnancies contribute to population growth and are a major factor in maternal mortality.…”

Section: Declining Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population pyramid of Pakistan in 2010 by four levels of education is shown in Figure 3.1, based on United Nations (2011) taBLe 3.4 total fertility rates by level of educational attainment in Pakistan, 1975Pakistan, , 1990Pakistan, -91, 2000Pakistan, -01, and 2006 } } The pace of fertility decline in Pakistan, which started in the early 1990s, has been very slow compared to other countries in South Asia. Recent evidence shows that Pakistan is in the midst of a demographic transition, and further fertility decline is expected in the future (see Sathar and Casterline 1998;Sathar 2007;Ali and Hussain 2001 for details about fertility levels and trends in Pakistan). Future levels of fertility will also be determined by socio-economic and cultural changes.…”

Section: Education and Fertility Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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