Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data

Inoue, Mai; Kwan, Nigel C. L.; Sugiura, Katsuaki

doi:10.1292/jvms.17-0384

Cited by 40 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…To the authors' knowledge there is no way to distinguish between primary and secondary osteoarthritis. As veterinary medicine progresses animals are getting older [28] and the proportion of animals with primary osteoarthritis is likely to increase. This circumstance implies that there is no gold-standard to distinguish between dysplastic and non-dysplastic animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distraction index and Norberg angle to distinguish dysplastic and non-dysplastic hips based on FCI score

Klever¹,

Brühschwein²,

Meyer‐Lindenberg³

2020

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere

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Objective Radiographic hip scoring according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and PennHIP (Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program) method was performed with the purpose to compare the PennHIP and FCI results as well as coxofemoral joint laxity by correlation of Norberg angle and distraction index measurements. Materials and methods A total of 167 dogs of various breeds presented for official screening examination in a veterinary teaching hospital in Germany were included. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, the best Norberg angle and distraction index cut-off values to distinguish between dysplastic and non-dysplastic groups based on FCI grades and to distinguish between lax and tight hip joints according to the PennHIP proposal were calculated. Results More than one third (38.2 %) of dogs that passed the breeding criterions according to FCI (grades A and B) were in the half of the population with lax hip joints and should not be used for breeding according to the PennHIP proposal. A cut-off value for the distraction index of 0.44 with sensitivity of 82.7 % and specificity of 84.2 % was superior to the best cut-off value for the Norberg angle at 101.8° with sensitivity of 82.7 % and specificity of 71.9 % to discriminate between non-dysplastic joints (A, B) and dysplastic joints (C, D, E). Conclusions and clinical relevance Our results show a limited impact of laxity on the FCI grading. Breeding selection processes that are based on the FCI method could profit by an additional and complementary use of the distraction index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distraction index and Norberg angle to distinguish dysplastic and non-dysplastic hips based on FCI score

Klever¹,

Brühschwein²,

Meyer‐Lindenberg³

2020

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere

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“…For many reasons, the companion dog is an especially promising model organism for translational approaches in aging research (Gilmore and Greer, 2015;Kaeberlein et al, 2016;Sándor and Kubinyi, 2019). Firstly, dogs have a much shorter life expectancy than humans -10-13 years on average in dogs (Adams et al, 2010;Leroy et al, 2015;Inoue et al, 2018) vs. 72 years in humans (2016 estimation; World Health Organization [WHO], 2018) -making aging-related longitudinal studies much shorter in time. Secondly, dog breeds show a huge phenotypic and genetic variability (Leroy et al, 2009;Ostrander et al, 2017), which can also be observed in longevity (e.g., Jimenez, 2016;Inoue et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, dogs have a much shorter life expectancy than humans -10-13 years on average in dogs (Adams et al, 2010;Leroy et al, 2015;Inoue et al, 2018) vs. 72 years in humans (2016 estimation; World Health Organization [WHO], 2018) -making aging-related longitudinal studies much shorter in time. Secondly, dog breeds show a huge phenotypic and genetic variability (Leroy et al, 2009;Ostrander et al, 2017), which can also be observed in longevity (e.g., Jimenez, 2016;Inoue et al, 2018). Dogs also have more shared haplotype sequences with humans than rodents do (Lindblad-Toh et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These centenarians lived ∼50% longer compared to the average human lifespan (72 years, World Health Organization [WHO], 2018). Given this definition of extreme longevity and the average lifespan of companion dogs (10-13 years; Adams et al, 2010;Leroy et al, 2015;Inoue et al, 2018), dogs older than ∼17 years can be considered as dogs of extreme age. Mixed-breed dogs are known to live longer: Inoue et al (2018) studied the lifespan of more than 12,000 dogs and found the average length of lifespan of mixed-breed individuals to be 15 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our secondary aims were to compare the obtained results to the results of Han et al (2013), to extend our understanding of extreme longevity and to promote the companion dog to be used in age-related research. Indeed, this is the first such study in canines, although based on the results of Inoue et al (2018), Methuselah dogs are available for the study of aging and longevity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Preliminary Study to Investigate the Genetic Background of Longevity Based on Whole-Genome Sequence Data of Two Methuselah Dogs

et al. 2020

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Aging is the largest risk factor in many diseases and mortality alike. As the elderly population is expected to increase at an accelerating rate in the future, these phenomena will pose a growing socioeconomic burden on societies. To successfully cope with this challenge, a deeper understanding of aging is crucial. In many aspects, the companion dog is an increasingly popular model organism to study aging, with the promise of producing results that are more applicable to humans than the findings that come from the studies of classical model organisms. In this preliminary study we used the whole-genome sequence of two extremely old dogs-age: 22 and 27 years (or 90-135% more, than the average lifespan of dogs)-in order to make the first steps to understand the genetic background of extreme longevity in dogs. We identified more than ∼80 1000 novel SNPs in the two dogs (7500 of which overlapped between them) when compared to three publicly available canine SNP databases, which included SNP information from850 dogs. Most novel mutations (∼52000 SNPs) were identified at non-coding regions, while 4.6% of the remaining SNPs (n∼1600) were at exons, including 670 missense variants-76 of which overlapped between the two animalsacross 472 genes. Based on their gene ontologies, these genes were related-among others-to gene transcription/translation and its regulation, to immune response and the nervous system in general. We also detected 12 loss-of-function mutations, although their actual effect is unclear. Several genetic pathways were also identified, which pathways may be tempting candidates to be investigated in large sample sizes in order to confirm their relevance in extreme longevity in dogs (and possibly, in humans). We hypothesize a possible link between extreme longevity and the regulation of gene transcription/translation, which hypothesis should be further investigated in the future. This phenomenon could define an interesting direction for future research aiming to better understand longevity. The presented preliminary results highlight the utility of the companion dog in the study of the genetic background of longevity and aging.

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Poly(A) RNA sequencing reveals age-related differences in the prefrontal cortex of dogs

et al. 2022

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Dogs may possess a unique translational potential to investigate neural aging and dementia because they are prone to age-related cognitive decline, including an Alzheimer’s disease–like pathological condition. Yet very little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying canine cognitive decline. The goal of the current study was to explore the transcriptomic differences between young and old dogs’ frontal cortex, which is a brain region often affected by various forms of age-related dementia in humans. RNA isolates from the frontal cortical brain area of 13 pet dogs, which represented 7 different breeds and crossbreds, were analyzed. The dogs were euthanized for medical reasons, and their bodies had been donated by their owners for scientific purposes. The poly(A) tail RNA subfraction of the total transcriptome was targeted in the sequencing analysis. Cluster analyses, differential gene expression analyses, and gene ontology analyses were carried out to assess which genes and genetic regulatory mechanisms were mostly affected by aging. Age was the most prominent factor in the clustering of the animals, indicating the presence of distinct gene expression patterns related to aging in a genetically variable population. A total of 3436 genes were found to be differentially expressed between the age groups, many of which were linked to neural function, immune system, and protein synthesis. These findings are in accordance with previous human brain aging RNA sequencing studies. Some genes were found to behave more similarly to humans than to rodents, further supporting the applicability of dogs in translational aging research.

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Estimating the life expectancy of companion dogs in Japan using pet cemetery data

Cited by 40 publications

References 16 publications

Distraction index and Norberg angle to distinguish dysplastic and non-dysplastic hips based on FCI score

Distraction index and Norberg angle to distinguish dysplastic and non-dysplastic hips based on FCI score

A Preliminary Study to Investigate the Genetic Background of Longevity Based on Whole-Genome Sequence Data of Two Methuselah Dogs

Poly(A) RNA sequencing reveals age-related differences in the prefrontal cortex of dogs

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