Estimating the minimum stimulation frequency necessary to evoke tetanic progression based on muscle twitch parameters

Watanabe, Shozo; Fukuhara, Shinichi; Fujinaga, Takuji; Oka, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1088/1361-6579/aa5bd1

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…At 10 and 12 Hz, the tetanic contraction progressed further, and the FI values became 83.8 ± 1.2% and 95.3 ± 0.5%, respectively. The FI value of 100% was assigned at 30 Hz since no muscular relaxation between the consecutive stimuli was observed at 30 Hz, as shown in Figure 5 g. In general, the unfused and fused tetanus is considered at FI value greater than 10% and 90%, respectively [ 113 ]. Therefore, based on the S-shaped (sigmoid function) curve fitting (solid line) of the obtained FI-EMS frequency relationships shown in Figure 7 , the minimum stimulation frequencies necessary to evoke the unfused and fused tetanus were given at FI values of 10% and 90%, respectively, Thus, the GC muscle would be evoked to the unfused and fused tetanic contraction at EMS frequencies of 6.7 and 10.7 Hz, respectively, under our experimental conditions employed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Contractile Parameters Using Flexible and Wearable Single-Element Ultrasonic Sensor

AlMohimeed

Ono

2020

Sensors

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Skeletal muscle is considered as a near-constant volume system, and the contractions of the muscle are related to the changes in tissue thickness. Assessment of the skeletal muscle contractile parameters such as maximum contraction thickness ( T h ), contraction time ( T c ), contraction velocity ( V c ), sustain time ( T s ), and half-relaxation ( T r ) provides valuable information for various medical applications. This paper presents a single-element wearable ultrasonic sensor (WUS) and a method to measure the skeletal muscle contractile parameters in A-mode ultrasonic data acquisition. The developed WUS was made of double-layer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric polymer films with a simple and low-cost fabrication process. A flexible, lightweight, thin, and small size WUS would provide a secure attachment to the skin surface without affecting the muscle contraction dynamics of interest. The developed WUS was employed to monitor the contractions of gastrocnemius (GC) muscle of a human subject. The GC muscle contractions were evoked by the electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) at varying EMS frequencies from 2 Hz up to 30 Hz. The tissue thickness changes due to the muscle contractions were measured by utilizing a time-of-flight method in the ultrasonic through-transmission mode. The developed WUS demonstrated the capability to monitor the tissue thickness changes during the unfused and fused tetanic contractions. The tetanic progression level was quantitatively assessed using the parameter of the fusion index (FI) obtained. In addition, the contractile parameters ( T h , T c , V c , T s , and T r ) were successfully extracted from the measured tissue thickness changes. In addition, the unfused and fused tetanus frequencies were estimated from the obtained FI-EMS frequency curve. The WUS and ultrasonic method proposed in this study could be a valuable tool for inexpensive, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of the skeletal muscle contractile properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Contractile Parameters Using Flexible and Wearable Single-Element Ultrasonic Sensor

AlMohimeed

Ono

2020

Sensors

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“…The L 0 was measured with an analog caliper with an accuracy of 0.05 mm, and was used for normalization of the imposed shortening, now expressed as L/L 0 %, and of the shortening velocity, now expressed as L 0 /s. The maximum isometric force was measured stimulating the tissue with a 0.7 s train of 1 ms pulses delivered at 80 Hz [30].…”

Section: B Experimental Testing Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Maximum Power of an $ex~vivo$ Engineered Muscle Tissue With Isovelocity Shortening Technique

Pisu

Cosentino

Apa

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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The final aim of muscle tissue engineering (TE) is to create a new tissue able to restore the functionality of impaired muscles once transplanted in the site of injury. Therefore, functional contractile properties close to that of healthy muscles are desirable to allow for a good compatibility and a proper functional contribution. Since skeletal muscles deal with locomotion during their normal activity, an accurate measurement of ex vivo muscle engineered tissues' isotonic properties is crucial. In this paper, we devised an experimental system to measure the mechanical power generated by an ex vivo muscle engineered tissue, the X-MET, based on the isovelocity contraction technique. The X-MET is developed without the use of any scaffolds, so that its mechanical properties are not affected by endogenous components. Our experiments allowed for delimiting the ranges of shortening and shortening velocity for which the tissue is able to generate and maintain power for the entire stimulation, which is the condition that better reproduces muscle physiological activity. Then, we measured the power generated by the X-MET and fit the experimental results to the Hill's equation usually employed for modeling the force-velocity relationship of skeletal muscles. The use of this model yielded to the measurement of maximum power and maximum shortening velocity. Results revealed that most of the isotonic properties were consistent with that proposed in the literature for slow-twitch muscles; in particular, the X-METs were able to generate a maximum power of 2.08 ± 0.78 W/kg and had a maximum shortening velocity of 1.84 ± 0.57 L 0 /s, on average.

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“…The FI at 100% shows fused tetanus where there are no relaxation periods in the muscle. The FI is calculated by dividing the minimum value over the maximum value of force in each stimulating frequency as shown in Figure 2.5 (b) [44]. F 10% and F 90% are defined when the FI is at 10% and 90% [44].…”

Section: Fusion Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FI is calculated by dividing the minimum value over the maximum value of force in each stimulating frequency as shown in Figure 2.5 (b) [44]. F 10% and F 90% are defined when the FI is at 10% and 90% [44]. The EMS evoked minimum unfused and fused tetanus frequencies can be evaluated from the FI at 10 % and 90 % as shown in Figure 2.5 (a) [39].…”

Section: Fusion Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method to Characterize Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties Using a Wearable Ultrasonic Sensor

Yeung¹

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Skeletal muscle monitoring provides valuable information about the muscle contractile properties which could be useful in various clinical applications. A wearable ultrasonic sensor (WUS) was constructed using a 110 µm thick polyvinylidene fluoride polymer piezoelectric film to perform a continuous hands-free muscle monitoring. The lightweight and flexible properties of WUS enables the stable attachment to the skin surface without affecting the tissue motion of interest, which results in reduced motion artifacts. In order to perform reliable estimation of tissue thicknesses by the WUS in an ultrasonic pulse echo mode, the accuracy of selected signal analysis techniques was evaluated using a laser displacement measurement result as a reference. Then, a mechanical simulation experiment is conducted to evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of the WUS measurement system. In addition, the effects of moving averaging on the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic signals and the estimation accuracy of the tissue thickness were investigated. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed ultrasound technique for in-vivo measurements, continuous monitoring of the lateral head of triceps muscle of three healthy male subjects were monitored using the WUS. The tissue thickness changes due to the evoked muscle contraction by an electromyostimulation (EMS) at various pulse repetition frequencies were monitored. I thank Mr. Alex Proctor for assisting and technical supporting me in designing the mechanical phantom. I would like to thank my friends, Mr. Dipayan Mitra, Mr. Sean Trudel, and Mr. Shanmugaraja K.V who helped me in all possible ways. I would also like to thank Carleton University for supporting the work. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents and my brother for their unwavering support.

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Estimating the minimum stimulation frequency necessary to evoke tetanic progression based on muscle twitch parameters

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Ultrasound Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Contractile Parameters Using Flexible and Wearable Single-Element Ultrasonic Sensor

Ultrasound Measurement of Skeletal Muscle Contractile Parameters Using Flexible and Wearable Single-Element Ultrasonic Sensor

Measuring the Maximum Power of an $ex~vivo$ Engineered Muscle Tissue With Isovelocity Shortening Technique

A Method to Characterize Skeletal Muscle Contractile Properties Using a Wearable Ultrasonic Sensor

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