Estimating the potential development of <i>Diaporthe helianthi</i> epidemics in Italy*

Battilani, Paola; Rossi, Vittorio; Girometta, Benedetta; Délos, Marc; Rouzet, Jacques; André, Nicolas; Esposito, Stanislao

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2338.2003.00668.x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Yield reductions of up to 40 % have been recorded in Europe (Masirevic & Gulya 1992) including the former Yugoslavia as well as France where it was considered a major pathogen of sunflower (Battilani et al 2003, Debaeke et al 2003). Diaporthe helianthi is also widespread in the sunflower growing regions of the USA (Gulya et al 1997) but has not been reported from Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cankers on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia reveal a complex of pathogenic Diaporthe (Phomopsis) species

Thompson¹,

Tan²,

Young³

et al. 2011

persoonia

160

152

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The identification of Diaporthe (anamorph Phomopsis) species associated with stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia was studied using morphology, DNA sequence analysis and pathology. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three clades that did not correspond with known taxa, and these are believed to represent novel species. Diaporthe gulyae sp. nov. is described for isolates that caused a severe stem canker, specifically pale brown to dark brown, irregularly shaped lesions centred at the stem nodes with pith deterioration and mid-stem lodging. This pathogenicity of D. gulyae was confirmed by satisfying Koch’s Postulates. These symptoms are almost identical to those of sunflower stem canker caused by D. helianthi that can cause yield reductions of up to 40 % in Europe and the USA, although it has not been found in Australia. We show that there has been broad misapplication of the name D. helianthi to many isolates of Diaporthe (Phomopsis) found causing, or associated with, stem cankers on sunflower. In GenBank, a number of isolates had been identified as D. helianthi, which were accommodated in several clades by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Two less damaging species, D. kochmanii sp. nov. and D. kongii sp. nov., are also described from cankers on sunflower in Australia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cankers on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia reveal a complex of pathogenic Diaporthe (Phomopsis) species

Thompson¹,

Tan²,

Young³

et al. 2011

persoonia

160

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The economic losses for sunflower cultures caused in Europe by the pathogen Diaporthe helianthi, first recorded in the former Yugoslavia [19], induced several research groups in the afflicted countries to conduct studies on that system. First epidemiological analysis revealed different incidence levels of the disease, the stem canker, which occurred on the host based on geographic location: heavy damages were reported in the former Yugoslavia [42] and in France [21], whereas in Italy the pathogen is only sporadically found, in spite of conducive climatic conditions [24,43]. Previous investigations were aimed at D. helianthi intraspecific variability and were based on morpho-physiological, biological and genetic characters [26,27], host cultivars/pathogen isolates interaction [28], molecular genotypic and phenotypic features [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavy yield losses have been reported in France and in the former Yugoslavia, where environmental conditions are conducive to infection [21,22]. In Italy, the disease was first recorded in 1987 [23], but since then the pathogen has appeared only sporadically and does not cause significant yield losses, despite the fact that climatic conditions are conducive to an epidemic outbreak of the disease [24]. The lack of such epidemics in Italy may be due to different pathogen populations occurring in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmid distribution in European Diaporthe helianthi isolates

et al. 2005

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Diaporthe helianthi is the causal agent of sunflower stem canker, a serious pathogen of sunflower in Europe, which has been sporadically recorded in Italy. A collection of 26 Diaporthe helianthi isolates deriving from different geographic origins was analysed in order to determine the presence of extra-chromosomal genetic determinants and their molecular diversity. Extra-chromosomal bands in total genomic DNAs were identified in every French and the Yugoslavian isolate and in only one Italian isolate, while no Romanian and Argentinean isolates resulted to host any plasmids. When tested for their chemicophysical nature, they were recognised as linear plasmids sized about 2.3 Kb. A more detailed analysis was performed on a plasmid purified from a French isolate (plasmid F). Its intracellular localisation resulted as mitochondrial. Plasmid F was also exploited as a probe in Southern hybridisation experiments, in which it recognised only plasmids present in the genomes of French and Yugoslavian isolates (countries were the disease has a heavy incidence) indicating a strong correlation to geographic origin. An RFLP hybridisation analysis performed on genomic DNAs revealed a homogeneous restriction pattern in all French and Yugoslavian isolates, suggesting molecular homology among plasmids present in those isolates.

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“…In recent years, more simulation models have been developed, e.g. for the simulation of ascospores of Venturia inaequalis on apple trees (Rossi et al ., 2003a), for the risk of Fusarium head blight in wheat (Rossi et al ., 2003b), and for estimating the potential development of Diaporthe helianthi epidemics (Battilani et al ., 2003).…”

Section: Important National Developments Of Decision Support Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer aids for plant protection, historical perspective and future developments*

Bouma¹

2007

EPPO Bulletin

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Initiatives such as Videotext and forecasting models resulted in a relatively fast introduction of computer technology on to farms at the end of the 1980s. In several countries there were developments to create models for supervised control and data exchange became digital. Most models were developed for diseases that could expand very rapidly, or diseases that should be controlled regularly. In the 1990s, development of weather‐related Decision Support Systems (DSSs) began. It is important to use the optimal way to disseminate information to the target group; which can differ between or even within countries. The use of DSSs results in a lower risk of crop damage by diseases and pests, and a lower input of active substances, from the use of adjusted dosages. Future developments may include the possibility of implementing a number of DSS‐models into a Geographical Information System, which will support precision agriculture by providing adjusted spraying advice based on plot‐specific characteristics. The success of DSSs is despite its development occurring independently in a number of countries. The speed of development of these systems would have been substantially faster had there been real cooperation between countries or groups of researchers. In order to withstand funding reductions, it is necessary for the development of new DSSs that collaboration between researchers and research groups internationally increases significantly in the near future.

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Estimating the potential development of Diaporthe helianthi epidemics in Italy*

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Stem cankers on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia reveal a complex of pathogenic Diaporthe (Phomopsis) species

Stem cankers on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in Australia reveal a complex of pathogenic Diaporthe (Phomopsis) species

Plasmid distribution in European Diaporthe helianthi isolates

Computer aids for plant protection, historical perspective and future developments*

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