Estimating the practical potential for deep ocean water extraction in the Caribbean

Arias-Gaviria, Jessica; Osorio, Andrés F.; Arango-Aramburo, Santiago

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.083

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although desalination is currently seen as a permanent solution for water provision in The Bahamas and other islands, increasing challenges from energy intensity and climate change suggest alternative mechanisms will become necessary. Energy provision in the Caribbean is particularly challenged by inefficient energy systems, higher energy imports than energy exports, and heavy reliance on fossil fuels (Arias-Gaviria et al, 2020). This reliance on fossil fuels has resulted in a higher cost of electricity than in developing countries (Singh and Ephraim, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite having fewer overall contributions to greenhouse gas emissions compared to larger countries, small islands have some of the highest per capita emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily due to their consumption of fossil fuels (Osorio et al, 2016). As a result, energy provision can be a hinderance to sustainable development, particularly on small islands (Osorio et al, 2016;Arias-Gaviria et al, 2020;Li et al, 2022). The Bahamas produces almost all its energy through fossil fuels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of deep ocean water, such as with OTEC, is not currently practiced in the Caribbean region, and studies on its use in the region are lacking (Arias-Gaviria et al, 2020). Historically, efforts to increase renewable energy initiatives have focused on wind energy, which has been the most costeffective renewable source; however, increases in oil prices have broadened interest in other renewables, which are now more cost-effective than fossil fuels (Fujita et al, 2012).…”

Section: Proposed Innovation Of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interventions and solutions for water supply on small islands: The case of New Providence, The Bahamas

Welsh

Bowleg

2022

Front. Water

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Small island nations make up more than one-quarter of the countries on earth, yet information on the limitations of the hydrologic cycle in small islands and strategies to address freshwater availability are lacking. Typically, all islands are characterized by their limited supply of freshwater, and their governments commonly rely on large-scale interventions to provide residents with potable water. The island of New Providence in The Bahamas is home to the capital city of Nassau and almost three-quarters of the country's population. New Providence has a long history of hydrologic interventions to supply domestic and industrial water. Historic groundwater sources have been over-extracted to severe levels of salinization, and some groundwater aquifers have not recovered after more than 8 years later. Fresh water was barged in from the larger Andros Island for ~40 years, which ultimately became insufficient to meet demand on New Providence. In addition to an aggressive Non-Revenue-Water (NRW) Program, desalination of ocean water via diesel-operated reverse osmosis plants has served as the primary source of potable water for the island. Present concerns have grown due to its contributions to greenhouse gas emissions. The Bahamas is also investigating alternative mechanisms for providing clean drinking water to the country, with Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) under consideration to co-generate clean energy in addition to drinking water. This article reveals that historic interventions to source drinking water for New Providence Island have proven to be unsustainable and ultimately have threatened the freshwater availability. Current efforts to investigate drinking water provision through OTEC are promising, particularly for the potential co-generation of energy and to promote sustainable development. This solution may be promising for other small islands where development is often challenged by water availability and sustainable energy provision.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Innovation Of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interventions and solutions for water supply on small islands: The case of New Providence, The Bahamas

Welsh

Bowleg

2022

Front. Water

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“…A case study in San Andrés Island describes a system combining Sea Water Air Conditioning (SWAC) and Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) with a desalination stage, which can operate independently or in cascade (Osorio et al, 2016). Moreover, a methodology was developed to estimate the practical potential of DOW applied to five Caribbean cities, however there is lack of knowledge regarding the real potential of DOW based on operating installations (Arias-Gaviria et al, 2020).…”

Section: Sea Water Air Conditioning: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Performance Assessment of Sea Water Air Conditioning (Swac) as a Solution Toward Net Zero Carbon Emissions a Case Study in French Polynesia

Sanjivy¹,

Marc²,

Davies³

et al. 2022

SSRN Journal

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“…It can also produce electricity and desalinized water using the temperature gradient with surface water through OTEC (Nihous and Gauthier, 2012 [11]). Arias et al (2019) [12] applied a methodology to five cities (Bridgetown (Barbados), Montego Bay (Jamaica), Puerto Plata (The Dominican Republic), San Andres (Colombia) and Willemstad (Curacao)) in the Caribbean. They found that the average potential of DOW is about 50 m 3 /s per city, enough to supply more than 100% of a city's demand for air conditioning and 60% of its electricity demand (1000 GWh of energy per year in all five cities).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Offshore Renewable Energy in South America: Current Status and Future Perspectives

et al. 2023

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This paper addresses the current status and future research and development perspectives associated with technologies to harness offshore renewable energy, including offshore wind, waves, tides, ocean currents, and thermal and salinity gradient, in South America (SA). It focuses on five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Uruguay. At first, a comprehensive survey presents the number of scientific papers classified based on the resource to show the tendency and importance of such subjects in the academic community. Each country’s electricity matrix and grid connection are shown to understand the region’s renewable source participation situation. The potential of offshore renewable resources is addressed by considering the published technical papers in scientific journals. The main conflicts and synergies associated with ocean space utilization are presented by considering the exclusive economic zone of each country. The status of the regulatory frameworks to promote and development of offshore renewable energies is presented. Two sections are dedicated to presenting the active, decommissioned and planned projects, research groups and laboratory infrastructures to develop the technologies. The last section discusses the future perspectives on the development of this sector in SA. It is observed that SA, with more than 25,000 km of coastline, has a great potential for offshore renewable energy; however, so far, these resources have not been explored commercially. Larger investment in the sector, establishing an adequate legal framework and deploying full-scale demonstration projects at sea are necessary for the commercialization of such technologies in SA.

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Estimating the practical potential for deep ocean water extraction in the Caribbean

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Interventions and solutions for water supply on small islands: The case of New Providence, The Bahamas

Interventions and solutions for water supply on small islands: The case of New Providence, The Bahamas

Energy Performance Assessment of Sea Water Air Conditioning (Swac) as a Solution Toward Net Zero Carbon Emissions a Case Study in French Polynesia

A Review of Offshore Renewable Energy in South America: Current Status and Future Perspectives

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